IAEA quality control study on determining trace elements in biological matrices for air pollution research

Smodiš, Borut; Bleise, A.

doi:10.1007/s10967-007-0203-4

Cited by 11 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…According to our evaluation, the cause has to do with the different Hg levels in the two SRMs. In the first SRM, Hg is at 12.3 µg g −1 , whereas the authors find 13.0 µg g −1 with a coefficient of variation (CV%, defined as the ratio between standard deviation and mean value × 100) of 6.1, a good value according to the references [49,54,55]. In the second SRM, the certified Hg value is 0.0432 µg g −1 (or 43.2 ng g −1 ), whereas the authors find 0.0223 µg g −1 with a CV% of 45.7, which is an unsatisfactory value according to the ref [54].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Weekly and Longitudinal Element Variability in Hair Samples of Subjects Non-Occupationally Exposed

et al. 2021

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Hair is an ideal tissue for tracing the human health conditions. It can be cut easily and painlessly, and the relative clinical results can give an indication of mineral status and toxic metal accumulation following long-term or even acute exposure. Different authors have found outdoor pollution phenomena, such as the levels, significantly alter metal and metalloid hair contents. This paper investigates the element concentration variability in hair samples collected from a not-exposed teenager, neither environmentally nor professionally. The sampling was carried out for one week, and the samples were collected from different locations on the scalp. A nuclear analytical methodology, i.e., the Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis, is used for determining about 30 elements. Some differences have been found among the samplings as well as between the proximal and distal sections. A deep comparison with other similar studies worldwide present in the literature has been performed for evidencing the relationships and the differences due to different ethnical origins, lifestyles, diets, and climates among the different young populations.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 98%

Weekly and Longitudinal Element Variability in Hair Samples of Subjects Non-Occupationally Exposed

et al. 2021

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“…Primary (1 mg mL −1 of each one) and standard reference materials (SRMs; five geochemical SRMs such as USGS GRX-1, GRX-3, GRX-4, GRX-5, GRX-6) [ 42 , 43 ] were used to assess the quality control.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Halogenated Volatile Organic Compounds in Water Samples and Inorganic Elements Levels in Ores for Characterizing a High Anthropogenic Polluted Area in the Northern Latium Region (Italy)

Russo

Notardonato

Rosada

et al. 2021

IJERPH

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This paper shows a characterization of the organic and inorganic fraction of river waters (Tiber and Marta) and ores/soil samples collected in the Northern Latium region of Italy for evaluating the anthropogenic/natural source contribution to the environmental pollution of this area. For organic compounds, organochloride volatile compounds in Tiber and Marta rivers were analyzed by two different clean-up methods (i.e., liquid–liquid extraction and static headspace) followed by gas chromatography–electron capture detector (GC-ECD) analysis. The results show very high concentrations of bromoform (up to 1.82 and 3.2 µg L−1 in Tiber and Marta rivers, respectively), due to the presence of greenhouse crops, and of chloroform and tetrachloroethene, due to the presence of handicrafts installations. For the qualitative and quantitative assessment of the inorganic fraction, it is highlighted the use of a nuclear analytical method, instrumental neutron activation analysis, which allows having more information as possible from the sample without performing any chemical-physical pretreatment. The results have evidenced high levels of mercury (mean value 88.6 µg g−1), antimony (77.7 µg g−1), strontium (12,039 µg g−1) and zinc (103 µg g−1), whereas rare earth elements show levels similar to the literature data. Particular consideration is drawn for arsenic (414 µg g−1): the levels found in this paper (ranging between 1 and 5100 µg g−1) explain the high content of such element (as arsenates) in the aquifer, a big issue in this area.

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“…Table 2 shows the comparison between our data and the relative certified values for the investigated SRMs. As reported in previous papers [38,39], the authors refer to the precision, calculated as the coefficient of variation (CV%), for defining a mean value as good, acceptable, or unsatisfactory (i.e., <20%, between 20-30% and >30%, respectively, for concentration levels <500 µg g −1 ; <10%, between 10-20% and >20%, respectively, for concentration levels >500 µg g −1 ). Furthermore, the table shows the accuracy, calculated as the difference between found and certified values and reported as ∆, and the z-scores, which represent the distance between the raw score and the population mean in units of the standard deviation and also includes the relative uncertainties of each certified value and the measurement performed (a positive z-score means a value above the mean, a negative z-score is a value below the mean).…”

Section: Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis (Inaa) Validationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deep Inorganic Fraction Characterization of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 in an Industrial Area Located in Central Italy by Means of Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis

et al. 2020

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Atmospheric pollution is an important task in life sciences and, in particular, inorganic fraction characterization is considered as an important issue in this field. For many years, researchers have focused their attention on the particulate matter fraction below 10 µm: in this case, our attention was also focused on PM 2.5 (i.e., particles with a size fraction smaller than 2.5 µm) and PM 1 (below 1 µm). This paper would like to investigate whether the element accumulation in different granulometric fractions is similar, or whether there are behavior dissimilarities. Among the different analytical techniques, the instrumental neutron activation analysis, an instrumental nuclear method, was used for its peculiarity of investigating the sample without performing any chemical-physical treatment. Forty-two daily samples using the reference method were collected, 15 filters for PM 10 , 18 for PM 2.5 , and 12 for PM 1 ; the filters, along with primary standards and appropriate standard reference materials, were irradiated at the National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA) R.C.-Casaccia's Triga MARK II reactor. The irradiations carried out in the Rabbit and Lazy Susan channels allowed for the investigation of 36 elements and the relative Pearson's correlations between elements and PM-fractions (PM 10 vs. PM 2.5 was good, whereas PM 10 vs. PM 1 was the worst). The Enrichment Factors were studied for the three fractions to show how anthropogenic sources have affected the element content. A comparison between these data and element levels determined worldwide showed that our concentrations were lower than those determined in similar scenarios. Furthermore, a statistical approach (source discrimination, hierarchical cluster analysis, principal component analysis) has allowed us to identify similarities between the samples: the airborne filters can be divided in two main groups (i.e., one made of PM 10 and PM 2.5 filters and one only of PM 1 filters), meaning a different element contribution to this fraction coming from other sources present at the site.

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IAEA quality control study on determining trace elements in biological matrices for air pollution research

Cited by 11 publications

References 5 publications

Weekly and Longitudinal Element Variability in Hair Samples of Subjects Non-Occupationally Exposed

Weekly and Longitudinal Element Variability in Hair Samples of Subjects Non-Occupationally Exposed

Halogenated Volatile Organic Compounds in Water Samples and Inorganic Elements Levels in Ores for Characterizing a High Anthropogenic Polluted Area in the Northern Latium Region (Italy)

Deep Inorganic Fraction Characterization of PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 in an Industrial Area Located in Central Italy by Means of Instrumental Neutron Activation Analysis

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