<i>z</i>-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright <i>Herschel</i> galaxies

Berta, S.; Stanley, F.; Ismail, D.; Neri, R.; Yang, C.; Young, A. J.; Jin, S.; Dannerbauer, H.; Bakx, Tom J. L. C.; Beelen, A.; Weiß, A.; Nanni, Ambra; Omont, A.; Werf, P. van der; Krips, M.; Baker, A. J.; Bendo, G. J.; Borsato, E.; Buat, V.; M., Butler, K.; Chartab, Nima

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202346803

Cited by 5 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 174 publications

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“…Energydriven feedback takes over at late times as the gas reservoir expands due to the feedback. Star formation efficiencies, as deduced from the correlation of integrated star formation with molecular gas masses from NOEMA observations, favor gas depletion times of 0.1-1 Gyr up to z ∼ 6, typically preferring mild starbursts (Berta et al 2023). JWST data confirm the presence of AGN-driven neutral outflows in massive galaxies at z ∼ 2 (Davies et al 2023), where star formation rates nevertheless follow an SK law (Schulze et al 2019).…”

Section: Global Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Which Came First: Supermassive Black Holes or Galaxies? Insights from JWST

Silk,

Begelman,

Norman

et al. 2024

ApJL

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Insights from JWST observations suggest that active galactic nuclei feedback evolved from a short-lived, high-redshift phase in which radiatively cooled turbulence and/or momentum-conserving outflows stimulated vigorous early star formation (“positive” feedback), to late, energy-conserving outflows that depleted halo gas reservoirs and quenched star formation. The transition between these two regimes occurred at z ∼ 6, independently of galaxy mass, for simple assumptions about the outflows and star formation process. Observational predictions provide circumstantial evidence for the prevalence of massive black holes at the highest redshifts hitherto observed, and we discuss their origins.

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Section: Global Considerationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Which Came First: Supermassive Black Holes or Galaxies? Insights from JWST

Silk,

Begelman,

Norman

et al. 2024

ApJL

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z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of brightHerschelgalaxies

Ismail¹,

Beelen²,

Buat³

et al. 2023

A&A

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We present the dust properties of 125 bright Herschel galaxies selected from the z-GAL NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey. All the galaxies have precise spectroscopic redshifts in the range 1.3 < z < 5.4. The large instantaneous bandwidth of NOEMA provides an exquisite sampling of the underlying dust continuum emission at 2 and 3 mm in the observed frame, with flux densities in at least four sidebands for each source. Together with the available Herschel 250, 350, and 500 μm and SCUBA-2 850 μm flux densities, the spectral energy distribution (SED) of each source can be analyzed from the far-infrared to the millimeter, with a fine sampling of the Rayleigh-Jeans tail. This wealth of data provides a solid basis to derive robust dust properties, in particular the dust emissivity index (β) and the dust temperature (Tdust). In order to demonstrate our ability to constrain the dust properties, we used a flux-generated mock catalog and analyzed the results under the assumption of an optically thin and optically thick modified black body emission. The robustness of the SED sampling for the z-GAL sources is highlighted by the mock analysis that showed high accuracy in estimating the continuum dust properties. These findings provided the basis for our detailed analysis of the z-GAL continuum data. We report a range of dust emissivities with β ∼ 1.5 − 3 estimated up to high precision with relative uncertainties that vary in the range 7%−15%, and an average of 2.2 ± 0.3. We find dust temperatures varying from 20 to 50 K with an average of Tdust ∼ 30 K for the optically thin case and Tdust ∼ 38 K in the optically thick case. For all the sources, we estimate the dust masses and apparent infrared luminosities (based on the optically thin approach). An inverse correlation is found between Tdust and β with β ∝ Tdust−0.69, which is similar to what is seen in the local Universe. Finally, we report an increasing trend in the dust temperature as a function of redshift at a rate of 6.5 ± 0.5 K/z for this 500 μm-selected sample. Based on this study, future prospects are outlined to further explore the evolution of dust temperature across cosmic time.

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The first ground-based detection of the 752 GHz water line in local ultraluminous infrared galaxies using APEX-SEPIA

Quinatoa,

Yang,

Ibar

et al. 2023

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

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We report the first ground-based detection of the water line p-H2O (211–202) at 752.033 GHz in three z < 0.08 ultraluminous infrared galaxies (ULIRGs): IRAS 06035-7102, IRAS 17207-0014, and IRAS 09022-3615. Using the Atacama Pathfinder EXperiment (APEX), with its Swedish-ESO PI Instrument for APEX (SEPIA) band-9 receiver, we detect this H2O line with overall signal-to-noise ratios of 8–10 in all three galaxies. Notably, this is the first detection of this line in IRAS 06035-7102. Our new APEX-measured fluxes, between 145 and 705 Jy km s−1, are compared with previous values taken from Herschel SPIRE FTS. We highlight the great capabilities of APEX for resolving the H2O line profiles with high spectral resolutions while also improving by a factor of two the significance of the detection within moderate integration times. While exploring the correlation between the p-H2O(211–202) and the total infrared luminosity, our galaxies are found to follow the trend at the bright end of the local ULIRG’s distribution. The p-H2O(211–202) line spectra are compared to the mid-J CO and HCN spectra, and dust continuum previously observed with ALMA. In the complex interacting system IRAS 09022-3615, the profile of the water emission line is offset in velocity with respect to the ALMA CO(J = 4–3) emission. For IRAS 17207-0014 and IRAS 06035-7102, the profiles between the water line and the CO lines are spectroscopically aligned. This pilot study demonstrates the feasibility of directly conducting ground-based high-frequency observations of this key water line, opening the possibility of detailed follow-up campaigns to tackle its nature.

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z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of bright Herschel galaxies

Cited by 5 publications

References 174 publications

Which Came First: Supermassive Black Holes or Galaxies? Insights from JWST

Which Came First: Supermassive Black Holes or Galaxies? Insights from JWST

z-GAL: A NOEMA spectroscopic redshift survey of brightHerschelgalaxies

The first ground-based detection of the 752 GHz water line in local ultraluminous infrared galaxies using APEX-SEPIA

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