<i>Yokenella regensburgei</i>Septicemia in a Chinese Farmer Immunosuppressed by HIV: A Case Report and Literature Review

Chi, Xiangbo; Liu, Min; Chen, Yaokai

doi:10.1155/2017/5962463

Cited by 8 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 13 publications

(9 reference statements)

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“…As a relatively new species, often misidentified as Salmonella or Hafnia, Y. regensburgei, is not well-documented human pathogen. However, new techniques of identification, including MALDI-TOF MS, provide new information about this bacterium [ 44 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloacal Gram-Negative Microbiota in Free-Living Grass Snake Natrix natrix from Poland

et al. 2020

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Reptiles appear to be an important vector for Gram-negative pathogens, therefore, they are epidemiologically relevant. However, the composition of reptilian microbiota has been poorly recognized so far. The majority of studies concern exotic reptiles as asymptomatic carriers of Salmonella serovars. Studies of other intestinal bacteria of reptiles are rare. Only recently, the microbiota of free-living European reptiles have been investigated, however, on the basis of small samples, mainly in protected areas. Here, we aim to investigate cloacal Gram-negative microbiota of free-living Natrix natrix. Snakes ( N = 45) used in the study were collected in Kraków (Poland) and its vicinity. Nineteen species of Gram-negative bacteria were isolated. The most common species were: Aeromonas hydrophila , Morganella morganii , Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella spp . The bacteria prevalent in N. natrix cloacal swabs are likely to represent the natural intestinal Gram-negative microbiota of the examined snakes. Importantly, the identified bacteria are pathogenic to humans, which clearly highlights the epidemiological potential of free-living N. natrix . The risk of infection is high for immunocompromised humans, children (under 5 years old), elderly persons, and pregnant women. Our study provides the largest dataset on intestinal Gram-negative microbiota of wild snakes. The presence of multiple human pathogens determined by us calls for the necessity of further studies on reptile-transmitted bacteria in anthropogenic environments. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s00284-020-02021-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cloacal Gram-Negative Microbiota in Free-Living Grass Snake Natrix natrix from Poland

et al. 2020

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“…Y . regensburgei is a member of the bacterial flora of insects and has been recovered from their intestinal tract 2 . It rarely infects humans, although a few cases of opportunistic infection of immunocompromised hosts have been reported—septicemia in HIV patients, brain abscess in lymphoma patients, necrotizing fasciitis in an immunocompromised host, and diabetic foot in a patient with chronic kidney disease who had undergone kidney transplantation 3 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report of Yokenella regensburgei isolated from external auditory canal after diving in valley

Song

Chang

2021

Clinical Case Reports

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Yokenella regensburgei is a Gram‐negative, oxidase‐negative motile rod which is rarely isolated from human caused a few opportunistic infections in immunocompromised patients so far. We report the first case of otitis media combined with externa caused by Y. regensburgei in an immunocompetent patient. A 56‐year‐old male patient visited the outpatient clinic of the Otolaryngology Department due to otorrhea of the right ear started after diving in mountain valley in Korea 3 days ago. He was immunocompetent adult and clinical examination revealed swelling and debris accumulation in the right external auditory canal with an intact, erythematous tympanic membrane, and clear, odorless otorrhea. Microbiological culture of otorrhea revealed Y. regensburgei by matrix‐assisted laser desorption/ionization time‐of‐flight and PCR‐based 16S rRNA gene sequencing. His otorrhea persisted, and a pinpoint perforation occurred in the inferior anterior portion of the tympanic membrane. 50% acetic acid irrigation and 500 mg of oral ciprofloxacin were prescribed, and his infection was cured after 4 weeks. This is the first case of otitis media combined with externa caused by Yokenella regensburgei in an immunocompetent patient. Given that Yokenella species infections are rare, especially in immunocompetent patients, this case highlights the importance of history taking and communication between clinicians and laboratory physicians. Molecular identification methods assist in identifying rare pathogens.

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“…In 1991, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention acknowledged that Y. regensburgei had priority upon the basis of prior publication; therefore, the use of K. trabulsii was discontinued in 1991 ( McWhorter et al, 1991 ). Y. regensburgei has been found in a variety of environmental samples ( Jain et al, 2013 ; Chi et al, 2017 ). This organism has also been sporadically isolated from clinical samples, thus demonstrating its ability to act as an opportunistic pathogen ( Abbott and Janda, 1994 ; Bhowmick and Weinstein, 2013 ; Jain et al, 2013 ; Chi et al, 2017 ; Palmisano et al, 2019 ; Wright et al, 2019 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Y. regensburgei has been found in a variety of environmental samples ( Jain et al, 2013 ; Chi et al, 2017 ). This organism has also been sporadically isolated from clinical samples, thus demonstrating its ability to act as an opportunistic pathogen ( Abbott and Janda, 1994 ; Bhowmick and Weinstein, 2013 ; Jain et al, 2013 ; Chi et al, 2017 ; Palmisano et al, 2019 ; Wright et al, 2019 ). Intriguingly, Y. regensburgei closely resembles Hafnia alvei and thus has possibly been misidentified as the latter by automated systems.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Many studies have reported that Y. regensburgei possesses an ampC gene and that the expression of this gene is highly inducible ( Chi et al, 2017 ). However, to date, there has been no detailed study of the AmpC β-lactamase in Y. regensburgei , and no complete genome sequence of Y. regensburgei is available in the public NCBI genome database.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Characterization of a Novel Chromosomal Class C β-Lactamase, YOC-1, and Comparative Genomics Analysis of a Multidrug Resistance Plasmid in Yokenella regensburgei W13

et al. 2020

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Yokenella regensburgei, a member of the family Enterobacteriaceae, is usually isolated from environmental samples and generally resistant to early generations of cephalosporins. To characterize the resistance mechanism of Y. regensburgei strain W13 isolated from the sewage of an animal farm, whole genome sequencing, comparative genomics analysis and molecular cloning were performed. The results showed that a novel chromosomally encoded class C β-lactamase gene with the ability to confer resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, designated bla YOC-1 , was identified in the genome of Y. regensburgei W13. Kinetic analysis revealed that the β-lactamase YOC-1 has a broad spectrum of substrates, including penicillins, cefazolin, cefoxitin and cefotaxime. The two functionally characterized β-lactamases with the highest amino acid identities to YOC-1 were CDA-1 (71.69%) and CMY-2 (70.65%). The genetic context of the bla YOC−1-ampR-encoding region was unique compared with the sequences in the NCBI nucleotide database. The plasmid pRYW13-125 of Y. regensburgei W13 harbored 11 resistance genes (bla OXA−10 , bla LAP-2 , dfrA14, tetA, tetR, cmlA5, floR, sul2, ant(3)-IIa, arr-2 and qnrS1) within an ∼34 kb multidrug resistance region; these genes were all related to mobile genetic elements. The multidrug resistance region of pYRW13-125 shared the highest identities with those of two plasmids from clinical Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates, indicating the possibility of horizontal transfer of these resistance genes between bacteria of various origins.

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Yokenella regensburgeiSepticemia in a Chinese Farmer Immunosuppressed by HIV: A Case Report and Literature Review

Cited by 8 publications

References 13 publications

Cloacal Gram-Negative Microbiota in Free-Living Grass Snake Natrix natrix from Poland

Cloacal Gram-Negative Microbiota in Free-Living Grass Snake Natrix natrix from Poland

First report of Yokenella regensburgei isolated from external auditory canal after diving in valley

Characterization of a Novel Chromosomal Class C β-Lactamase, YOC-1, and Comparative Genomics Analysis of a Multidrug Resistance Plasmid in Yokenella regensburgei W13

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