2019
DOI: 10.1107/s1600577519003564
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xcalib: a focal spot calibrator for intense X-ray free-electron laser pulses based on the charge state distributions of light atoms

Abstract: The xcalib toolkit has been developed to calibrate the beam profile of an X‐ray free‐electron laser (XFEL) at the focal spot based on the experimental charge state distributions (CSDs) of light atoms. Characterization of the fluence distribution at the focal spot is essential to perform the volume integrations of physical quantities for a quantitative comparison between theoretical and experimental results, especially for fluence‐dependent quantities. The use of the CSDs of light atoms is advantageous because … Show more

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Cited by 18 publications
(37 citation statements)
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References 50 publications
(139 reference statements)
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“…To account for the spatial distribution of the x-ray fluence in the interaction region, the simulation results were integrated over the spatial profile of the pulse, which was determined using the measured charge state distributions (CSDs) of argon atoms as described in Ref. [34]. Further details of the experimental setup and simulation procedures are described in the Methods section of Ref.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…To account for the spatial distribution of the x-ray fluence in the interaction region, the simulation results were integrated over the spatial profile of the pulse, which was determined using the measured charge state distributions (CSDs) of argon atoms as described in Ref. [34]. Further details of the experimental setup and simulation procedures are described in the Methods section of Ref.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The fluence is fixed at 1.0×10 11 ph/μm 2 , and we assume that atoms experience the same fluence throughout the supercell. When an XFEL pulse is focused onto a target, the x-ray fluence value has a spatially nonuniform distribution in the focal spot, demanding volume integration for calculating physical observables [76]. This spatial fluence distribution is not considered for simplicity.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The measured charge-state distribution (CSD), therefore, contains contributions from a range of fluence values. In order to make a quantitative comparison, theoretical CSDs corresponding to each fluence point are convolved with the experimental fluence distribution [51]. This procedure is called volume integration [11,51].…”
Section: Volume-integrated Charge-state Distributions Of Xe At 120mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In order to make a quantitative comparison, theoretical CSDs corresponding to each fluence point are convolved with the experimental fluence distribution [51]. This procedure is called volume integration [11,51]. Since the pulse-duration dependence of mean charges (also CSDs) is sensitive to fluence values as demonstrated in Fig.…”
Section: Volume-integrated Charge-state Distributions Of Xe At 120mentioning
confidence: 99%