“I Would Want You to Understand It:” Students’ Perspectives on Addressing Race in the Classroom

“Are You an Immigrant?”: Identity‐Based Critical Reflections of Teaching Intercultural Communication

“…There is growing recognition that the cultural identities of instructors and students “are often intertwined with what occurs in the classroom” (Cooks and Simpson ; McCalman ; Simpson, Causey, and Williams , 34). In particular, Manrique and Manrique () found that non‐European immigrant faculty emphasized the occurrences of racial prejudice and discrimination.…”

The Segregation of Foreigners in U.S. Mainstream Classrooms

“…Furthermore, this study emphasizes respect in classroom interaction that involves communication along the color line-a topic that has not been explored in depth in past mainstream studies examining non-White NNEL in predominantly White classrooms [56]. Respect in this case not only signals to JIS a welcoming acceptance of their membership in the classroom community, but also an affirmation of their personhood-one that also acknowledges their non-White and NNEL speaking identities [14,57]. In fact, the dominant group's lack of respect for the dignity of non-dominant students has been challenged in various social realms dealing with racial tensions in college life [35,58].…”

“…From the basic but arbitrary assumption that only White skin or speaking colloquial English automatically confers membership in the classroom community, to the unforgiving sanctions imposed on JIS, the classroom cultural script guides a mundane academic life that mimics the nation's racist history of oppression, inequality, and discrimination. The current climate in U.S. classrooms reinforces and protects the cultural codes, ways of speaking, and interests of the NES, just like the macro-system of U.S. society does for the dominant White culture [57][58][59]. It seems life in the academic ivory tower is inseparable from that in the broader American society-a society that is not ready to move past the legitimization of personhood based on skin color, despite the numerous lessons on humanity offered by its racist past.…”

Situating Oneself in a Racialized World: Understanding Student Reactions toCrashthrough Standpoint Theory and Context-Positionality Frames

“…Such understanding is imperative for improving interracial relations. Research on interracial communication points out the difficulties of engaging in race talk between European Americans and people of color due to the gaps of knowledge and experience (Warren, 2003;Yep, 2007) and accompanying emotional strains such as fear, defensiveness, and weariness (Miller & Harris, 2005;Simpson et al, 2007). Research also emphasizes the importance of developing awareness of our own racial location (Allen, 1998;Cooks, 2003;Orbe & Harris, 2008;Yep, 2007).…”