<i>Work Performance After Dehydration: Effects of Physical Conditioning and Heat Acclimatization</i>

Buskirk, E. R.; Iampietro, P. F.; Bass, David E.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1958.12.2.189

Cited by 93 publications

(30 citation statements)

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“…This moderate deficit in VO 2max might signal the advent of fatigue as fatigue is often preceded by a plateau or even a decline in VO 2max in the initial stages of the exercise task [22]. The change observed in VO 2max following dehydration in the present investigation is consistent with that obtained by Buskirk et al [23] and Saltin [24], although Craig and Cumming [25] documented a 10% reduction in VO 2max with a similar degree of dehydration (1.9%). Enhanced physical fitness may be a factor in conferring additional protection against dehydration-induced decrements in VO 2max because of the higher plasma volume in certain individuals who are physically more competent than others.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative effects of selected non-caffeinated rehydration sports drinks on short-term performance following moderate dehydration

Snell

Ward²,

Kandaswami³

et al. 2010

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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BackgroundThe effect of moderate dehydration and consequent fluid replenishment on short-duration maximal treadmill performance was studied in eight healthy, fit (VO2max = 49.7 ± 8.7 mL kg-1 min-1) males aged 28 ± 7.5 yrs.MethodsThe study involved a within subject, blinded, crossover, placebo design. Initially, all subjects performed a baseline exercise test using an individualized treadmill protocol structured to induce exhaustion in 7 to 10 min. On each of the three subsequent testing days, the subjects exercised at 70-75% VO2max for 60 min at 29-33°C, resulting in a dehydration weight loss of 1.8-2.1% body weight. After 60 min of rest and recovery at 22 C, subjects performed the same treadmill test to voluntary exhaustion, which resulted in a small reduction in VO2max and a decline in treadmill performance by 3% relative to the baseline results. Following another 60 min rest and recovery, subjects ingested the same amount of fluid lost in the form of one of three lemon-flavored, randomly assigned commercial drinks, namely Crystal Light (placebo control), Gatorade® and Rehydrate Electrolyte Replacement Drink, and then repeated the treadmill test to voluntary exhaustion.ResultsVO2max returned to baseline levels with Rehydrate, while there was only a slight improvement with Gatorade and Crystal Light. There were no changes in heart rate or ventilation with all three different replacement drinks. Relative to the dehydrated state, a 6.5% decrease in treadmill performance time occurred with Crystal Light, while replenishment with Gatorade, which contains fructose, glucose, sodium and potassium, resulted in a 2.1% decrease. In contrast, treatment with Rehydrate, which comprises fructose, glucose polymer, calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, amino acids, thiols and vitamins, resulted in a 7.3% increase in treadmill time relative to that of the dehydrated state.ConclusionsThe results indicate that constituents other than water, simple transportable monosaccharides and sodium are important for maximal exercise performance and effective recovery associated with endurance exercise-induced dehydration.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Comparative effects of selected non-caffeinated rehydration sports drinks on short-term performance following moderate dehydration

Snell

Ward²,

Kandaswami³

et al. 2010

Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition

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“…As Sawka, Montain, and Latzka (2001) report in a review of the field, core body temperature rises on average 0.1-0.25˚C for every percent of dehydration-induced body weight loss, with even larger increases seen when physically exerting oneself in hot conditions (Adolph et al, 1947;Montain & Coyle, 1992;Sawka, Young, Francesconi, Muza, & Pandolf, 1985;Strydom & Holdsworth, 1968). Being fit and accustomed to hot environments normally lends one a performance advantage; hypohydration (e.g., 5% body weight reduced) negates that advantage (Buskirk, Iampietro, & Bass, 1958;Cadarette, Sawka, Toner, & Pandolf, 1984;Sawka, Toner, Francesconi, & Pandolf, 1983). Under heat stress and hypohydration, overall cardiac output is decreased as heart rate increases but stroke volume decreases (see Sawka et al, 2001).…”

Section: Physiologicalmentioning

confidence: 99%

Physiological and Cognitive Factors Related to Human Performance During the Grand Canyon Rim-to-Rim Hike

Divis¹,

Anderson-Bergman²,

Abbott³

et al. 2018

Journal of Human Performance in Extreme Environments

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Exposure to extreme environments is both mentally and physically taxing, leading to suboptimal performance and even life-threatening emergencies. Physiological and cognitive monitoring could provide the earliest indicator of performance decline and inform appropriate therapeutic intervention, yet little research has explored the relationship between these markers in strenuous settings. The Rim-to-Rim Wearables at the Canyon for Health (R2R WATCH) study is a research project at Sandia National Laboratories funded by the Defense Threat Reduction Agency to identify which physiological and cognitive phenomena collected by non-invasive wearable devices are the most related to performance in extreme environments. In a pilot study, data were collected from civilians and military warfighters hiking the Rim-to-Rim trail at the Grand Canyon. Each participant wore a set of devices collecting physiological, cognitive, and environmental data such as heart rate, memory, ambient temperature, etc. Promising preliminary results found correlates between physiological markers recorded by the wearable devices and decline in cognitive abilities, although further work is required to refine those measurements. Planned follow-up studies will validate these findings and further explore outstanding questions.

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“…3) (16). Subsequently, he became Chief of the Environmental Physiology Section and remained in that position until 1957.…”

Section: Dr Buskirk and The Quatermaster Research And Development Cementioning

confidence: 99%

Living history: Elsworth R. Buskirk

Tipton

2009

Advances in Physiology Education

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In 2005, the American Physiological Society (APS) initiated the Living History of Physiology Archival Program to recognize senior members who have made significant contributions during their career to the advancement of the discipline and the profession of physiology. Subsequently, the leadership of the APS Section of Environmental and Exercise Physiology selected Prof. Elsworth R. Buskirk of Pennsylvania State University to be profiled in Advances in Physiology Education.

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Work Performance After Dehydration: Effects of Physical Conditioning and Heat Acclimatization

Cited by 93 publications

References 0 publications

Comparative effects of selected non-caffeinated rehydration sports drinks on short-term performance following moderate dehydration

Comparative effects of selected non-caffeinated rehydration sports drinks on short-term performance following moderate dehydration

Physiological and Cognitive Factors Related to Human Performance During the Grand Canyon Rim-to-Rim Hike

Living history: Elsworth R. Buskirk

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