I won't obey!: Psychologically Controlling Parenting and (Non)‐Clinical Adolescents' Responses to Rule‐setting

Abstract

Objectives: This study examined associations between maternal psychologically controlling parenting and adolescents' responses to rule-setting as well as the link between both study variables and adolescents' internalizing and externalizing problems. Method: Both clinical and nonclinical adolescents reported upon maternal psychological control, responses to rulesetting (i.e., oppositional defiance, submissive compliance, negotiation, and accommodation) and both adolescents and mothers reported upon adolescents' problems. Results: Perceived psychological control related positively to adolescents' oppositional defiance and submissive compliance and negatively to negotiation and accommodation. Further, an integrated path model indicated that psychological control related to externalizing problems via oppositional defiance and internalizing problems via submissive compliance. Conclusions: Psychological control relates to different types of problem behaviors via diverse responses to maternal rulesetting. The discussion emphasizes the importance of future prevention and intervention programs to focus on both parenting and on adolescents' active contribution to their socialization process. K E Y W O R D S adolescence, internalizing and externalizing problems, parenting, responses to rule-setting

Information Safety Assurances Increase Intentions to Use COVID-19 Contact Tracing Applications, Regardless of Autonomy-Supportive or Controlling Message Framing

“…People's current perceptions of contact tracing relate to their future intentions to use such technology. Therefore, messaging designed to debunk existing contact tracing-related qualms may be useful, especially if combined with true freedom from surveillance and privacy built in to technology design (Calvo et al, 2020). In addition, people's perceptions of government legitimacy and political affiliations relate to their intended uptake of contact tracing technology.…”

“…Although the potential utility of contact tracing is selfevident, the use of such technologies also raises other issues regarding psychological experiences of autonomy, most notably the potential for surveillance and fears of loss of control of personal information (Calvo et al, 2020). Indeed, past studies show that experiences of surveillance can undermine a sense of autonomy and decrease motivation for behavior (e.g., Plant and Ryan, 1985;Enzle and Anderson, 1993).…”

“…Data safety assurances are important in promoting public health compliance because such declarations map on to people's inherent need to feel psychologically safe and free from government surveillance and control (Calvo et al, 2020). In addition, data safety relates to perceptions of authority as being legitimate and trustworthy, and perceived legitimacy of authority is related to more autonomous compliance (Ryan and Deci, 2017).…”

Taking adolescents’ agency in socialization seriously: The role of appraisals and cognitive‐behavioral responses in autonomy‐relevant parenting

“…It has indeed been shown that adolescents more often engage in autonomous responses (negotiation and accommodation) when they generally perceive parents to be autonomy supportive (Brenning et al., 2019; Van Petegem et al., 2017). In contrast, controlling parenting related to more non‐autonomous responses (Van Petegem, Soenens et al., 2015).…”

“…In contrast, controlling parenting related to more non‐autonomous responses (Van Petegem, Soenens et al., 2015). In turn, oppositional defiance was found to relate mainly to externalizing problems and compulsive compliance mainly to internalizing problems (Brenning et al., 2019; Van Petegem, Soenens et al., 2015). Because these problems are known to further elicit controlling parental responses (Janssens et al., 2017; Soenens et al., 2008), it is likely that non‐autonomous responses strengthen the downward spiral between controlling parenting and problem behaviors.…”