<i>Wolbachia</i>
            Promotes Its Own Uptake by Host Cells

Nevalainen, Lindsay B; Layton, Emily M.; Newton, Irene L. G.

doi:10.1128/iai.00557-22

Cited by 7 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Drosophila melanogaster JW18 cells, which carry a GFP-Jupiter construct [ 24 ], were treated with 10 μg/mL tetracycline to remove Wolbachia infection. The infection status was confirmed by PCR after four passages in the presence of antibiotic.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…WalE1 is upregulated by Wolbachia during host pupation and purified WalE1 protein co-sediments with filamentous actin and increases actin bundling in vitro and in vivo . As the actin cytoskeleton is important for Wolbachia’s maternal transmission [ 23 ], and for its internalization by host cells [ 24 ], the WalE1 effector likely plays an important role in Wolbachia’s biology.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Wolbachia WalE1 effector alters Drosophila endocytosis

Martin,

López-Madrigal,

Newton

2024

PLoS Pathog

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The most common intracellular bacterial infection is Wolbachia pipientis, a microbe that manipulates host reproduction and is used in control of insect vectors. Phenotypes induced by Wolbachia have been studied for decades and range from sperm-egg incompatibility to male killing. How Wolbachia alters host biology is less well understood. Previously, we characterized the first Wolbachia effector–WalE1, which encodes an alpha-synuclein domain at the N terminus. Purified WalE1 sediments with and bundles actin and when heterologously expressed in flies, increases Wolbachia titer in the developing oocyte. In this work, we first identify the native expression of WalE1 by Wolbachia infecting both fly cells and whole animals. WalE1 appears as aggregates in the host cell cytosol. We next show that WalE1 co-immunoprecipitates with the host protein Past1, although might not directly interact with it, and that WalE1 manipulates host endocytosis. Yeast expressing WalE1 show deficiency in uptake of FM4-64 dye, and flies harboring mutations in Past1 or overexpressing WalE1 are sensitive to AgNO3, a hallmark of endocytosis defects. We also show that flies expressing WalE1 suffer from endocytosis defects in larval nephrocytes. Finally, we also show that Past1 null flies harbor more Wolbachia overall and in late egg chambers. Our results identify interactions between Wolbachia and a host protein involved in endocytosis and point to yet another important host cell process impinged upon by Wolbachia’s WalE1 effector.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Wolbachia WalE1 effector alters Drosophila endocytosis

Martin,

López-Madrigal,

Newton

2024

PLoS Pathog

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“…The correlation analyses revealed different interactions between two Cardinium strains Our data showed that two cultures infected with Cardinium had different expressions, whereas no such effect was observed for Wolbachia. It was also observed that Wolbachia is a highly prevalent bacterial symbiont of insects, found in approximately 25 to 52% of insect species worldwide [93], and is more diverse than Cardinium. The NCBI currently contains approximately 150 annotated genomes from different species.…”

Section: Do Correlation Analyses Reveal Competition Between Cardinium...mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Cardinium wins on Wolbachia in double-infected mite cultures

Tresnakova,

Glowska,

Hubert

2024

Preprint

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The different cultures of stored product mite Tyrophagus putrescentiae are single-infected by intracellular bacteria Cardinium or Wolbachia. No natural double-infected Cardinium/Wolbachia-infected mites are known. Under the experiment, single-infected mite (Wolbachia 5N, 5P and Cardinium 5L, 5S) cultures were mixed to double-infected cultures (5LP, 5LN, 5SP, 5SN). The mite fitness and symbionts' presence were analyzed during 5-month-long experiment. Cardinium, Wolbachia and mite genomes were assembled and gene expression in single and double-infected cultures was analyzed. In double-infected cultures, Cardinium infection increased with the time of the experiment from 50 to 95% of infected mites. Cardinium + Wolbachia-infected mite individuals proportion ranged from 0 to 20% of mites in double-infected cultures. Wolbachia infection disappeared in all double-infected cultures up to 5 months of the experiment duration. The double-infected cultures had lower fitness than single-infected cultures. After a month of experiment, the fitness of originally double-infected cultures increased to the level of parental cultures. The correlation analyses of gene expression showed that Wolbachia had well-established interactions with mite predicted KEGG gene expression in a single-infected population. The expression of mite protein was strongly influenced by the presence of Wolbachia, but not by Cardinium. The total numbers of Cardinium-expressed genes did not change, while there was a ten-fold decrease in Wolbachia in double-infected cultures. Cardinium and Wolbachia gene expression showed 30% negative and 70% positive (N = 3793) correlations. The number of correlations between Wolbachia and mite gene expression 5 times decreased in double-infected cultures. The Cardinium had a 6-fold higher number of genes than Wolbachia with significantly higher expression in the multiple infected samples. The gene expression analysis provides a suggestion that the presence of Cardinium inhibits the growth of Wolbachia by the disruption of the Wolbachia interaction with mite host. However, we cannot eliminate stochastic processes resulting in the increase of Wolbachia abundance and symbiont change. Importance We sought insight into the intracellular symbionts’ competition in the novel mite host model. The manipulative experiments established double-infected Wolbachia Cardinium cultures, which were unstable due to their low fitness. Cardinium prevailed during five months in all 4 double-infected cultures. The competition disrupted Wolbachia's interaction with its host on the level of gene expression. The genome expression is highly correlated between Wolbachia and mite hosts in single Wolbachia-infected cultures. These correlations disappeared in multi-infected cultures. Differently, the interaction among host and Cardinium genes showed low differences in the gene expression level. Although Cardinium/Wolbachia-infested individuals are rare, the gene expression of Cardinium and Wolbachia had a high number of positive correlations. It indicates that the symbionts reacted to each other. The data indicates that we have established a new model to study Wolbachia and Cardinium interactions.

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“…After that, Wolbachia utilize the host actin cytoskeleton during oogenesis for efficient transmission and maintenance between Drosophila generations ( Newton et al, 2015 ). Actin-inhibiting drugs significantly abrogate Wolbachia uptake in the host, indicating that the host actin cytoskeleton plays an important role in Wolbachia transmission ( Ferree et al, 2005 ; Newton et al, 2015 ; Nevalainen et al, 2023 ).…”

Section: Wolbachia Phenotypesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Using Wolbachia to control rice planthopper populations: progress and challenges

Guo,

Shao,

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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Wolbachia have been developed as a tool for protecting humans from mosquito populations and mosquito-borne diseases. The success of using Wolbachia relies on the facts that Wolbachia are maternally transmitted and that Wolbachia-induced cytoplasmic incompatibility provides a selective advantage to infected over uninfected females, ensuring that Wolbachia rapidly spread through the target pest population. Most transinfected Wolbachia exhibit a strong antiviral response in novel hosts, thus making it an extremely efficient technique. Although Wolbachia has only been used to control mosquitoes so far, great progress has been made in developing Wolbachia-based approaches to protect plants from rice pests and their associated diseases. Here, we synthesize the current knowledge about the important phenotypic effects of Wolbachia used to control mosquito populations and the literature on the interactions between Wolbachia and rice pest planthoppers. Our aim is to link findings from Wolbachia-mediated mosquito control programs to possible applications in planthoppers.

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Wolbachia Promotes Its Own Uptake by Host Cells

Cited by 7 publications

References 28 publications

The Wolbachia WalE1 effector alters Drosophila endocytosis

The Wolbachia WalE1 effector alters Drosophila endocytosis

The Cardinium wins on Wolbachia in double-infected mite cultures

Using Wolbachia to control rice planthopper populations: progress and challenges

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