<i>Vibrio harveyi</i> causes disease in seahorse, <i>Hippocampus</i> sp.

Alcaide, Elena; Gil-Sanz, Cristina; Sanjuán, Eva; Esteve, Daniel; Amaro, Carmen; Silveira, Lucas Genésio Pereira da

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2761.2001.00297.x

Cited by 81 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…The bacterium Vibrio harveyi was isolated from the same coral reef habitat from which the sponges were collected; strains of this bacterium are known to be opportunistically pathogenic for some marine fish and invertebrates (Lui et al 1996, Alcaide et al 2001. Crude organic extracts and purified compounds from sponges were assayed at concentrations that were volumetrically equivalent to those found in sponge tissues to determine their effects on bacterial attachment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Caribbean sponge extracts on bacterial attachment

Kelly¹,

Jensen²,

Henkel³

et al. 2003

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

103

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Attachment is one of the first steps in bacterial colonization. By inhibiting bacterial attachment on surface cells, sponges may not only prevent infection, but also the process of biofouling. Crude organic extracts from 26 species of Caribbean sponges were assayed for their ability to inhibit bacterial attachment. Bacterial attachment was tested using Vibrio harveyi, a motile marine bacterium, isolated from seawater collected above one of the reefs from which sponges were sampled. Extracts were incorporated into agar blocks at concentrations volumetrically equivalent to whole sponge tissue. Extracts from 21 of 26 species (81%) resulted in bacterial attachment on treated blocks that was < 40% of attachment on controls. Of these extracts, 9 were particularly active, with mean levels of attachment < 8% of controls (Agelas conifera, Ailochroia crassa, Aka coralliphagum, Amphimedon compressa, Aplysina fulva, Erylus formosus, Plakortis halichondroides, Ptilocaulis spiculifera, Verongula gigantea). Extracts from 4 species (Ailochroia crassa, Chondrilla nucula, Ectyoplasia ferox, and Iotrochota birotulata) inhibited bacterial attachment in this assay but were not found to inhibit bacterial growth in a previous study. Purified compounds that deterred feeding of predatory fishes in a prior study were also tested for their effects on bacterial attachment; they were: oroidin, 4, 5-dibromopyrrole-2-carboxylic acid and sceptrin from Agelas species, amphitoxin from A. compressa, aeroplysinin-1 and dibromocyclohexadienone from Aplysina species, steroidal glycosides from E. ferox, and formoside from E. formosus. Of these, all but the steroidal glycosides from E. ferox deterred bacterial attachment at natural concentrations, providing evidence that sponge secondary metabolites may have multiple ecological functions.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Caribbean sponge extracts on bacterial attachment

Kelly¹,

Jensen²,

Henkel³

et al. 2003

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

103

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…V. harveyi was isolated and identified as part of a related study (Kelly et al 2003). Strains of V. harveyi are also known to be opportunistically pathogenic for some marine fish and invertebrates (Lui et al 1996, Alcaide et al 2001.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Caribbean sponge secondary metabolites on bacterial surface colonization

Kelly¹,

Garo²,

Jensen³

et al. 2005

Aquat. Microb. Ecol.

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Crude organic tissue extracts from 8 species of Caribbean sponges were assayed for inhibitory effects on surface colonization using 24 environmental marine bacterial isolates, 4 known marine invertebrate pathogens, and 1 common fouling bacterium. Each extract was tested for its effects on bacterial attachment, growth and swarming. The 24 bacterial strains were isolated from sponge surfaces, nearby substrata, or adjacent seawater. Extracts were incorporated into agar for assays of bacterial attachment and swarming. Growth-inhibition assays were conducted with the standard agar disk-diffusion assay. Of the 24 bacterial isolates, 23 were significantly inhibited from attaching to an extract-treated agar surface; 1 isolate from the surface of Agelas conifera exhibited significantly enhanced attachment on agar treated with the extract of that sponge. Sponge extracts had the least effect on growth: of 184 assays, 11 displayed significant antibacterial activity, all of these from 4 sponge species (A. conifera, Ailochroia crassa, Amphimedon compressa, and Aplysina fulva). The same isolate from the surface of A. conifera that exhibited enhanced attachment in response to the extract of that sponge exhibited inhibited growth in response to the same extract. Six out of 24 bacterial isolates exhibited swarming, the majority (67%) of which were isolated from substratum sources. Extracts from 4 of the 8 sponge species (the same species as listed above) inhibited swarming in all 6 strains, while the remaining extracts enhanced, inhibited, or had no effect on swarming depending on the strain. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the extract of A. crassa yielded 2 compounds responsible for inhibiting attachment and swarming, respectively. Ianthellin was identified as the metabolite that inhibited attachment, whereas another brominated tryosine metabolite inhibited swarming. Chemical defenses of sponges may target microbial attachment, and to a lesser degree influence swarming and growth. Non-toxic metabolites may play the greatest role in affecting bacterial epibiosis on the surfaces of marine sponges.

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“…There also some of Vibrio species have been reported as causative agents on seahorse disease. V. alginolyticus cause necrotic foci in different organs (kidney, liver, heart) on Hippocampus reidi in Brazil [24], V. harveyi has been reported of skin haemorrhages and white patch disease in Hippocampus sp., in India [14], H. kuda in Spain [8] and the Philippines [15], Vibrio spp. are also known to cause deep skin ulcers and lesionson H. kuda as well [25][26].…”

Section: Phylogenetic Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seahorses are very susceptible to infection by pathogen such as parasites, bacteria and fungi [7]. In particular, bacterial diseases occur throughout the year, and cause the biggest damage [8], [9]. Vibrio are bacteria that often appear on aquatic animals.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some Vibrio species are pathogens on marine fish species such as Vibrio anguillarum, V. ordalii, V. harveyi, V. splendida, V. orientalis, V. fischeri. There have been several studies reported Vibrio that causes disease in seahorse, the first signs are anorexia, lethargy swim, pale tail and fin, white patch, deep skin ulcers [8], [10], [11], [12], [13]. In recent years, disease outbreak has been reported in some seahorse farms, and in conservative captive tanks in Khanh Hoa Province.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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