<i>Venom allergen 5</i>is Associated With Deltamethrin Resistance in<i>Culex pipiens pallens</i>(Diptera: Culicidae)

Lv, Yuan; Lei, Zhentao; Hong, Shanchao; Wang, Weijie; Zhang, Donghui; Zhou, Dan; Sun, Yan; Ma, Lei; Shen, Bo; Zhu, Changliang

doi:10.1093/jme/tjv059

Cited by 12 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 63 publications

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“…pipiens. Other genes found to be expressed in males, thereby showing a consistency with other studies include tetraspanin F139 (Boes et al, 2014) in adults and venom allergen 3 in pupae (Lv et al, 2015). A C-type lectin expressed in male adults in this study, however, was previously found to be associated with females (Adelman and Myles, 2018).…”

Section: Qrt-pcr Validation Of Sex-specific Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

“…The genes involved in microtubule-based process have been associated with mosquito sperm composition (Degner et al, 2019), which suggests the possibility that the tubulin and associate proteins are involved in the spermatogenesis process and play an important function in late male pupae and early male adults. The genes encoding allergen are also present, including venom allergen 5, in male pupae, which are most likely associated with insecticide resistance (Lv et al, 2015). The four genes encoding calcium ion binding proteins in male pupae are also consistent with the findings that calcium-dependent regulation is necessary for normal sperm motility (Degner and Harrington, 2016).…”

Section: David Analysis Of Functional Annotation Clusteringsupporting

confidence: 65%

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Transcriptome profiling reveals sex‐specific gene expressions in pupal and adult stages of the mosquito Culex pipiens

Martynova

Kamanda

Sim

2021

Insect Molecular Biology

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Understanding the development process of male and female mosquitoes provides important basic information for sterile insect release programmes and is important for improving other vector control strategies. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms that distinguish male from femalespecific developmental processes in this species. We used IlluminaRNA-seq to identify sex-specific genes during pupal and adult stages. One hundred and forty-seven genes were expressed only in pupal males, 56 genes were expressed in adult males and another 82 genes were commonly expressed in both male samples. In addition, 26 genes were expressed only in the pupal females, 163 genes were found in the adult females and only one gene was expressed in both female samples. A further quantitative real-time PCR validation of selected genes from the RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) analysis confirmed upregulation of those genes in a sex-specific manner, including: fibrinogen and fibronectin, a zinc finger protein, phospholipase A(2) and a serine protein for female pupae; venom allergen 3, a perlecan, testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1, testis-specific serine/threonineprotein kinase 6 and cytochrome c-2 for male pupae; a salivary protein, D7 protein precursor, trypsin 7 precursor, D7 protein and nanos for female adults; and tetraspanin F139, cytosol aminopeptidase, testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 1, a testis-specific serine/threonine-protein kinase 6 and a C-type lectin for male adults. These findings provide insight into the development and physiology of Culex mosquitoes, which will help in the development of more effective control methods for these disease vectors.

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Section: Qrt-pcr Validation Of Sex-specific Genessupporting

confidence: 91%

Section: David Analysis Of Functional Annotation Clusteringsupporting

confidence: 65%

Transcriptome profiling reveals sex‐specific gene expressions in pupal and adult stages of the mosquito Culex pipiens

Martynova

Kamanda

Sim

2021

Insect Molecular Biology

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“…() identified a cluster of carboxylesterase genes (CCE) determining resistance to the organophosphate temephos within the major QTL interval. In Culex , previous studies mainly focused on the association between one or a few genes and pyrethroids resistance (Li et al ., ; Fang et al ., ; Lv et al ., ; Gong et al ., ). This study provides the first evidence of candidate major genes potentially related to DM resistance in C. pipiens by DR‐6.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cluster of CYP6 gene family associated with the major quantitative trait locus is responsible for the pyrethroid resistance in Culex pipiens pallen

Zou

Guo

Shen

et al. 2019

Insect Molecular Biology

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The emergence and rapid spread of insecticide resistance in several mosquito species has become a significant obstacle in management of mosquito‐borne diseases, including deltamethrin resistance in Culex pipiens pallens. Previous study identified a major deltamethrin resistance quantitative trait locus (DR‐6) that alone explained 62% of the genetic variance. In this study, the marker L4B1.102 and L4B1.175 associated with the DR‐6 were characterized. We searched for potential candidate genes in the flank region of two markers in the genome sequence and showed that a cluster of CYP6 cytochrome P450 genes (CYP6BB4, CYP6BB3, CYP6CC2, CYP6P14, CYP6BZ2, CYP6AA9, CYP6AA8, CYP6AA7) was in the vicinity of DR‐6. Significant differences in the expression of these P450s in the larval and adult stages were identified in the resistant strains compared with the susceptible strain. For CYP6AA9 and CYP6BB4, the correlation analysis showed a highly positive correlation between relative gene expression quantification and the resistance level in different strains. Knockdown of CYP6BB4 increased the sensitivity of mosquitoes to deltamethrin. We identified that the deltamethrin resistance was in a cluster of CYP6 genes in C. pipiens pallens, and CYP6BB4 may play a significant role in the development of deltamethrin resistance.

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“…Mosquito mortality was analyzed using the Chi-square test [36,37]. Other experimental data were analyzed using the Student's t-test.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transcription factor FTZ-F1 regulates mosquito cuticular protein CPLCG5 conferring resistance to pyrethroids in Culex pipiens pallens

Yang

Sun

et al. 2020

Parasites Vectors

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Background Culex pipiens pallens poses a serious threat to human health because of its widespread distribution, high carrier capacity for several arboviruses, frequent human-biting, and growth in urban environments. Pyrethroid insecticides have been mainly used to control adult Cx. pipiens pallens during outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases. Unfortunately, mosquitoes have developed resistance, rendering the insecticides ineffective. Cuticular resistance is the primary mechanism of pyrethroid resistance. Previously, we revealed that cuticular protein of low complexity CPLCG5 is a major cuticular protein associated with deltamethrin resistance in Cx. pipiens pallens, which is enriched in the cuticle of mosquitoes’ legs and participates in pyrethroid resistance by forming a rigid matrix. However, the regulatory mechanisms of its transcription remain unknown. Results First, qRT-PCR analysis revealed that the expression of FTZ-F1 (encoding Fushi tarazu-Factor 1) was ~ 1.8-fold higher in the deltamethrin-resistant (DR) than deltamethrin-susceptible (DS) strains at 24 h post-eclosion (PE) and ~ 2.2-fold higher in the DR strain than in the DS strain at 48 h PE. CPLCG5 and FTZ-F1 were co-expressed in the legs, indicating that they might play an essential role in the legs. Dual luciferase reporter assays and EMSA (electrophoretic mobility shift experiments) revealed that FTZ-F1 regulates the transcription of CPLCG5 by binding to the FTZ-F1 response element (− 870/− 864). Lastly, knockdown of FTZ-F1 not only affected CPLCG5 expression but also altered the cuticle thickness and structure of the legs, increasing the susceptibility of the mosquitoes to deltamethrin in vivo. Conclusions The results revealed that FTZ-F1 regulates the expression of CPLCG5 by binding to the CPLCG5 promoter region, altering cuticle thickness and structure, and increasing the susceptibility of mosquitoes to deltamethrin in vivo. This study revealed part of the mechanism of cuticular resistance, providing a deeper understanding of insecticide resistance.

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Venom allergen 5is Associated With Deltamethrin Resistance inCulex pipiens pallens(Diptera: Culicidae)

Cited by 12 publications

References 63 publications

Transcriptome profiling reveals sex‐specific gene expressions in pupal and adult stages of the mosquito Culex pipiens

Transcriptome profiling reveals sex‐specific gene expressions in pupal and adult stages of the mosquito Culex pipiens

A cluster of CYP6 gene family associated with the major quantitative trait locus is responsible for the pyrethroid resistance in Culex pipiens pallen

Transcription factor FTZ-F1 regulates mosquito cuticular protein CPLCG5 conferring resistance to pyrethroids in Culex pipiens pallens

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