<i>Uzu</i>Mutation in Barley (<i>Hordeum vulgare</i>L.) Reduces the Leaf Unrolling Response to Brassinolide

Honda, Ichiro; Zeniya, Haruko; Yoneyama, Koichi; Chono, Makiko; Kaneko, Shigeo; Watanabe, Yoshiaki

doi:10.1271/bbb.67.1194

Cited by 20 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…As reported previously (Honda et al, 2003), we examined the leaf unrolling response of 53 isogenic barley cv Bowman dwarf lines and found that the response of two lines, both having the uzu gene, was lower than that of the normal line. To further deter- mine the response of the uzu line, we studied the unrolling response of uzu and normal lines to BL and t-Z using two isogenic line pairs of the uzu gene.…”

Section: Response Of Leaf Segments To Plant Hormonessupporting

confidence: 52%

A Semidwarf Phenotype of Barley uzu Results from a Nucleotide Substitution in the Gene Encoding a Putative Brassinosteroid Receptor

et al. 2003

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Brassinosteroids (BRs) play important roles throughout plant growth and development. Despite the importance of clarifying the mechanism of BR-related growth regulation in cereal crops, BR-related cereal mutants have been identified only in rice (Oryza sativa). We previously found that semidwarf barley (Hordeum vulgare) accessions carrying the "uzu" gene, called "uzu" barley in Japan, are non-responding for brassinolide (BL). We then performed chemical and molecular analyses to clarify the mechanisms of uzu dwarfism using isogenic line pairs of uzu gene. The response of the uzu line to BL was significantly lower than that of its corresponding normal line. Measurement of BRs showed that the uzu line accumulates BRs, similar to known BR-insensitive mutants. The marker synteny of rice and barley chromosomes suggests that the uzu gene may be homologous to rice D61, a rice homolog of Arabidopsis BR-insensitive 1 (BRI1), encoding a BR-receptor protein.A barley homolog of BRI1, HvBRI1, was isolated by using degenerate primers. A comparison of HvBRI1 sequences in uzu and normal barley varieties showed that the uzu phenotype is correlated with a single nucleotide substitution. This substitution results in an amino acid change at a highly conserved residue in the kinase domain of the BR-receptor protein.These results may indicate that uzu dwarfism is caused by the missense mutation in HvBRI1. The uzu gene is being introduced into all hull-less barley cultivars in Japan as an effective dwarf gene for practical use, and this is the first report about an agronomically important mutation related to BRs.Brassinolide (BL) is a firstly identified plant steroid hormone, isolated from rape (Brassica napus) pollen (Grove et al., 1979). Diverse plant species have been found to contain BL and a variety of structural analogs, called brassinosteroids (BRs). With their characteristic physiological effect on plant growth and development, BRs should be included as essential plant hormones, along with GAs, auxins, cytokinins (CKs), abscisic acid (ABA), and ethylene. The effect of BRs on germination, elongation growth, flowering, and sex expressions of plants have been reported, and various application techniques have been tested in the greenhouse and in the field (Yokota, 1999). BR applications have often increased grain and vegetable yields. Plants treated with BRs also acquired resistance to or tolerance against such stresses as cold, drought, salt, disease, and herbicide. In field tests, however, BR effects were unstable and not replicable. The biological activity of these BRs disappeared rapidly due to deactivation and was influenced by environmental conditions (Kamuro and Takatsuto, 1999).In addition to studies on agricultural applications of BRs, BR physiology has also been studied (Yokota, 1997; Altmann, 1999; Bishop and Yokota, 2001). After many BR-deficient and -insensitive mutants were identified in Arabidopsis, BR biosynthesis and signaling have been rapidly clarified. BR biosynthesis mutants such as deetiolated 2 (det2; Chory et...

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Section: Response Of Leaf Segments To Plant Hormonessupporting

confidence: 52%

A Semidwarf Phenotype of Barley uzu Results from a Nucleotide Substitution in the Gene Encoding a Putative Brassinosteroid Receptor

et al. 2003

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“…In this test, both d61 and uzu did not respond to BRs Yamamuro et al, 2000). Honda et al (2003) reported that brh1 lines showed a slightly higher response than Bowman in this assay, and this finding was re-confirmed in this study ( Fig. 2A, Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Physiological Characteristics Of Brh1supporting

confidence: 85%

Brachytic 1 of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) encodes the α subunit of heterotrimeric G protein

Ito

Yasuda

Yamaoka

et al. 2017

Journal of Plant Physiology

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Physiological and molecular biological analysis of the dwarf barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) mutant brachytic 1 (brh1) was conducted. The root responses of brh1 to brassinolide were weaker than those of wild type, but the responses of leaf segments of dark-grown plants were not. Responses of brh1 to gibberellin A were similar to or slightly stronger than those of wild type. Endogenous levels of these hormones in young seedlings were not clearly different between brh1 and wild type. Skotomorphogeneses of brh1 were similar to those of wild type. Some of these physiological characteristics of brh1 resemble those of the dwarf rice (Oryza sativa L.) mutant daikoku (dwarf1; d1), whose dwarfism is caused by a mutation in the heterotrimeric G protein α (Gα) subunit. A database search indicated that the barley Gα gene is located near the locus where Brh1 has already been genetically mapped. Sequences of the Gα gene and cDNAs of five brh1 alleles contained substitutions and a deletion that lead to the production of abnormal Gα proteins. These results indicate that the phenotype of brh1, similarly to that of d1, is caused by mutations in an orthologous gene encoding Gα.

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“…, 2003). These plants have reduced sensitivity to brassinosteroids and provide a mechanism to introduce agronomically beneficial dwarfism in various barley cultivars (Honda et al. , 2003).…”

Section: The Bri1 Cladementioning

confidence: 99%

The RLK/Pelle family of kinases

Gish

Clark²

2011

The Plant Journal

217

171

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The RLK/Pelle class of proteins kinases is composed of over 600 members in Arabidopsis. Many of the proteins in this family are receptor-like kinases (RLK), while others have lost their extracellular domains and are found as cytoplasmic kinases. Proteins in this family that are RLKs have a variety of extracellular domains that drive function in a large number of processes, from cell wall interactions to disease resistance to developmental control. This review will briefly cover the major subclasses of RLK/Pelle proteins and their roles. In addition, two specific groups on RLKs will be discussed in detail, relating recent findings in Arabidopsis and how well these conclusions have been able to be translated to agronomically important species. Finally, some details on kinase activity and signal transduction will be addressed, along with the mystery of RLK/Pelle members lacking kinase enzymatic activity.

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UzuMutation in Barley (Hordeum vulgareL.) Reduces the Leaf Unrolling Response to Brassinolide

Cited by 20 publications

References 17 publications

A Semidwarf Phenotype of Barley uzu Results from a Nucleotide Substitution in the Gene Encoding a Putative Brassinosteroid Receptor

A Semidwarf Phenotype of Barley uzu Results from a Nucleotide Substitution in the Gene Encoding a Putative Brassinosteroid Receptor

Brachytic 1 of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) encodes the α subunit of heterotrimeric G protein

The RLK/Pelle family of kinases

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