Umbilicaria orientalis– a new species ofUmbilicariasubg.Papillophorawith an East Asian distribution: morphological delimitation and molecular evidence

Abstract

Umbilicaria orientalis Davydov sp. nov. is described and phylogenetic analysis (ITS, mtLSU and RPB2) confirmed its distinctness and indicated a sister relationship with U. trabeculata within the U. vellea group. The species is morphologically similar to U. vellea but differs by simple, cylindrical or strap-like rhizinomorphs and by thalloconidia, developing both on the lower surface and on rhizinomorphs, that are 1–2 (rarely 4)–celled or in aggregates of up to 5–6 cells. Umbilicaria orientalis is described from the Russian Far East and is currently known from a wide range of localities in East Asia, from the Far East to South Siberia and Mongolia in the north, to Hebei and Tibet in the south. New sequences of U. americana were obtained; the species represents an independent phylogenetic lineage within Umbilicaria subg. Papillophora. Diagnostic traits and variability of different developmental stages of U. orientalis, as well as its East Asian distribution pattern, are discussed.

Umbilicaria meizospora comb. nov., a south-western European endemic species of the subgenus Papillophora

“…Umbilicaria meizospora is similar to U. koidzumii in the type of apothecia and simple to submuriform ascospores of similar size, but the latter species has multicellular thalloconidia on rhizinomorphs (Davydov et al 2020b). Umbilicaria meizospora resembles U. crustulosa and U. spodochroa but differs from both species by gyrodisc apothecia, and additionally from U. crustulosa by the brown lower surface and black rhizinomorphs, and from U. spodochroa by the smaller ascospores.…”

“…All newly generated sequences of U. meizospora were supplemented with sequences obtained during a study of Umbilicariaceae phylogeny (Davydov et al , 2020b, representing different subgenera with an emphasis on Umbilicaria subg. Papillophora; Xylopsora friesii (Ach.)…”

“…For the phylogenetic analyses, we used original sequences generated during this study as well as those obtained in earlier investigations (Davydov et al , 2020b and deposited in GenBank (Table 2). To test the monophyly and phylogenetic relationships of species, three markers were used as single-gene matrices and in combined datasets.…”

“…Umbilicaria subg. Papillophora Davydov et al is phylogenetically the most basal subgenus and includes species with a mostly Holarctic distribution, and European, East Asian and South American endemic elements (Davydov et al , 2020b. Several species of Umbilicaria subg.…”

Multilocus Molecular Phylogeny of the Umbilicaria aprina Group (Umbilicariaceae, Lichenized Ascomycota) Supports Species Level and Neo-Endemic Status of Umbilicaria krascheninnikovii

“…A lot of East Asian species also occur in the South Siberian mountains at the northern edges of their ranges [ 80 ] and Tibet in the south [ 81 ]. This is applicable for the distribution of species of Umbilicaria such as U. formosana , U. kisovana (Asahina) Zahlbr., U. orientalis Davydov, and U. squamosa J. C. Wei & Y. M. Jiang [ 38 , 82 ]. There are only a few endemics of the Eastern Asiatic region with restricted distribution, and they have different origins.…”