Trichosanthes dioica seed lectin inhibits Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells growth in vivo in mice by inducing G ₀ /G ₁ cell cycle arrest

Abstract

Trichosanthes dioica seed lectin (TDSL), having a molecular mass of 57 ± 2 kDa was purified in an alternative way. For the purification process, the galactose-sepharose-4B affinity column was used. The purified TDSL agglutinated human and mouse erythrocytes at the minimum concentration of 8 μg/ml. d-lactose and d-galactose were the most potent inhibitory sugars as observed. The purified lectin was a glycoprotein having 3.0% of a neutral sugar. The lectin exhibited maximum activity up to 60°C and pH range from 7.0 to 10.0 and stable up to 4.0 M urea as tested.

Carbohydrate-Binding Properties and Antimicrobial and Anticancer Potential of a New Lectin from the Phloem Sap of Cucurbita pepo

“…It also significantly decreased the WBC count when compared to the tumor-bearing mice. This result was very much in line with the previous results obtained by TCSL, TDSL and MCL, all three seed lectins from the Cucurbitaceae family [24,25,30].…”

“…CPL was stable at 30 to 60 °C and 5.0 to 9.0, whereas the activity of Momordica charantia (Bitter gourd) seed lectin (MCL) was maximal at 4–50 °C but decreased abruptly below pH 7.0 [ 23 ]. Similar to CPL, the lectin from Trichosanthes dioica (Pointed gourd) seeds (TDSL) was also active until the temperature and pH reached above 60 °C and 10.0, respectively [ 24 ]. But, Trichosanthes cucumerina (Snake gourd) seed lectin (TCSL) and Praecitrullus fistulosus (Round gourd) lectin (PfLP) demonstrated high agglutination activity at the temperature range 30–90 °C and 0–80 °C.…”

“…At the concentration of 125 µg/mL of CPL, the mortality rate was 40% but increased to 100% when the concentration was raised to 1 mg/mL, with an LC 50 value of 265 µg/mL. The LC 50 values of TCSL ( Trichosanthes cucumerina seed lectin), TDSL ( Trichosanthes dioica seed lectin) and MCL ( Momordica charantia lectin) against brine shrimp nauplii were 261, 84 and 49.7 µg/mL, respectively [ 24 , 25 , 30 ].…”

“…In this study, CPL caused 36.44% and 66.66% of the growth inhibition of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) when intraperitoneally administered at doses of 3 and 6 mg/kg/day, respectively. Compared to CPL, TCSL (28% and 72% at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg/day), TDSL (7%, 50.2% and 60.3% at doses of 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg/kg/day) and MCL (28%, 45% and 75% at doses of 1.2, 2.0 and 2.8 mg/kg/day) exerted stronger in vivo antiproliferative activity against EAC cells, though TDSL and MCL are more toxic than CPL [ 24 , 25 , 30 ]. Both TDSL and CPL agglutinated EAC cells, but morphological changes marked in CPL-treated EAC cells were absent when treated with MCL [ 24 , 30 ].…”

“…Compared to CPL, TCSL (28% and 72% at doses of 1 and 2 mg/kg/day), TDSL (7%, 50.2% and 60.3% at doses of 0.75, 1.5 and 3 mg/kg/day) and MCL (28%, 45% and 75% at doses of 1.2, 2.0 and 2.8 mg/kg/day) exerted stronger in vivo antiproliferative activity against EAC cells, though TDSL and MCL are more toxic than CPL [ 24 , 25 , 30 ]. Both TDSL and CPL agglutinated EAC cells, but morphological changes marked in CPL-treated EAC cells were absent when treated with MCL [ 24 , 30 ]. It also became evident that the intraperitoneal administration of three doses of PfLP (10 mg/kg) after tumor transplantation showed an effective antitumor response, reducing the EAC cell proliferation by 75% [ 22 ].…”