<i>Trichophyton tonsurans</i>in Chile: Genotyping in search of an origin

Cogliati, Massimo; Choappa, Rodrigo Cruz; Oyarzo, Peggy Vieille; Noguera, Mellisa

doi:10.1093/mmy/myab077

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 16 publications

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“…[1][2][3][4][5] Globalisation, environmental shifts, climate change, migration, and intercontinental travel can perpetually impact anthropophilic transmission and observed epidemiological shifts. 6 Trichophyton tonsurans, a globally widespread anthropophilic species, notably surged as the primary cause of tinea capitis and TG after 2000 AD, with a focus on North America, Africa, and South America. 7 Given T. tonsurans contagiousness and clonal outbreaks, it is vital to devise strategies for infection prevention and control, including source and transmission mode.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular typing of a collection of Iranian clinical Trichophyton tonsurans isolates based on the non‐transcribed spacer region of rDNA and antifungal susceptibility testing of the species

Faeli,

Kermani,

Rezaei‐Matehkolaei

et al. 2023

Mycoses

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IntroductionWrestling, considered the national sport of Iran, has gained immense popularity among Iranians. Wrestlers frequently encounter skin conditions, with dermatophyte fungal infections, particularly tinea gladiatorum (TG), being a common issue. TG, caused by the Trichophyton genus, has emerged as a major health concern for wrestlers and other contact sport athletes worldwide. This study aimed to assess the genotypic diversity and antifungal susceptibility of Trichophyton tonsurans isolates responsible for TG in Iranian wrestlers from Mazandaran province, northern Iran.Materials and MethodsA total of 60 clinical T. tonsurans isolates collected from various cities in Mazandaran, were included in the study. The isolates were identified through PCR‐restriction fragment length polymorphism and sequencing methods. Genomic DNA was extracted from these isolates, and the non‐transcribed spacer (NTS) region of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) was targeted for genotyping using newly designed primers. Haplotype analysis was performed to explore genetic diversity, and antifungal susceptibility to terbinafine (TRB) and itraconazole (ITC) was assessed.ResultsThe results revealed five distinct NTS types: NTS‐I, NTS‐II, NTS‐III, NTS‐IV and NTS‐V, with NTS‐IV being the most prevalent. The distribution of NTS types varied across different cities, suggesting potential transmission patterns among wrestlers. Antifungal susceptibility testing showed that all isolates were susceptible to TRB, while one isolate demonstrated resistance to ITC. Genotypic diversity was not correlated with antifungal susceptibility, emphasising the importance of monitoring susceptibility to ensure effective treatment. Haplotype analysis highlighted significant genetic diversity among the T. tonsurans isolates. This diversity may be attributed to factors such as human‐to‐human transmission, geographic location and lifestyle changes. The study's findings underscore the need for comprehensive genotypic analysis to understand the epidemiology and evolution of T. tonsurans infections in athletes.ConclusionIn conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the genotypic diversity and antifungal susceptibility of T. tonsurans isolates causing TG in Iranian wrestlers. The presence of multiple NTS types and varying susceptibility patterns highlights the complexity of T. tonsurans infections in this population. Further research is warranted to track the transmission routes and genetic evolution of T. tonsurans strains among wrestlers and develop effective control measures.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular typing of a collection of Iranian clinical Trichophyton tonsurans isolates based on the non‐transcribed spacer region of rDNA and antifungal susceptibility testing of the species

Faeli,

Kermani,

Rezaei‐Matehkolaei

et al. 2023

Mycoses

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Clonal Outbreak of Trichophyton tonsurans Causing Tinea Capitis Among a Wrestling Team in Beijing, China

et al. 2022

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Trichophyton tonsurans, an anthropophilic dermatophyte, mostly causes tinea capitis and tinea corporis and often associates with outbreaks among athletes involving in combat sports. Here, we report an outbreak of tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans among ve juvenile athletes aged ten to fourteen in a wrestling team in Beijing, China. Scrapings from the lesions of the ve patients were performed by direct microscopic examination and fungal culture. The fungal pathogens were all identi ed as T. tonsurans by morphology and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Multilocus genotyping analysis was performed by sequencing of the ve gene loci including the ITS and non-transcribed spacer (NTS) of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) locus, alkalineprotease-1 (ALP1), metalloprotease-5 (MEP5), carboxypeptidases Y (CarbY). The sequences of these markers were identical among the ve isolates, revealing a single genotype. Antifungal susceptibilities of terbina ne (TBF), itraconazole (ITC), uconazole (FLC), ketoconazole (KTC), and amphotericin B (AMB) against T. tonsurans was determined by broth microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A3 document and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 0.015 µg/mL, 0.015 µg/mL, 8 µg/mL, 0.06 µg/mL, and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, we report an outbreak of tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans among wrestlers in Beijing, China. Multilocus genotyping analysis revealed that all isolates consisted of a single genotype, suggesting the outbreak may be caused by a single strain of T. tonsurans. The isolates were all susceptible to the common antifungal drugs treating tinea capitis.

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Clonal outbreak of Trichophyton tonsurans causing tinea capitis among a wrestling team in Beijing, China

Wang

Chen

Wan

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Trichophyton tonsurans, an anthropophilic dermatophyte, mostly causes tinea capitis and tinea corporis and often associates with outbreaks among athletes involving in combat sports. Here, we report an outbreak of tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans among five juvenile athletes aged ten to fourteen in a wrestling team in Beijing, China. Scrapings from the lesions of the five patients were performed by direct microscopic examination and fungal culture. The fungal pathogens were all identified as T. tonsurans by morphology and sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) regions. Multilocus genotyping analysis was performed by sequencing of the five gene loci including the ITS and non-transcribed spacer (NTS) of the ribosomal RNA (rRNA) locus, alkalineprotease-1 (ALP1), metalloprotease-5 (MEP5), carboxypeptidases Y (CarbY). The sequences of these markers were identical among the five isolates, revealing a single genotype. Antifungal susceptibilities of terbinafine (TBF), itraconazole (ITC), fluconazole (FLC), ketoconazole (KTC), and amphotericin B (AMB) against T. tonsurans was determined by broth microdilution method according to the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) M38-A3 document and the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) were 0.015 µg/mL, 0.015 µg/mL, 8 µg/mL, 0.06 µg/mL, and 0.5 µg/mL, respectively. In conclusion, we report an outbreak of tinea capitis caused by T. tonsurans among wrestlers in Beijing, China. Multilocus genotyping analysis revealed that all isolates consisted of a single genotype, suggesting the outbreak may be caused by a single strain of T. tonsurans. The isolates were all susceptible to the common antifungal drugs treating tinea capitis.

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Trichophyton tonsuransin Chile: Genotyping in search of an origin

Cited by 3 publications

References 16 publications

Molecular typing of a collection of Iranian clinical Trichophyton tonsurans isolates based on the non‐transcribed spacer region of rDNA and antifungal susceptibility testing of the species

Molecular typing of a collection of Iranian clinical Trichophyton tonsurans isolates based on the non‐transcribed spacer region of rDNA and antifungal susceptibility testing of the species

Clonal Outbreak of Trichophyton tonsurans Causing Tinea Capitis Among a Wrestling Team in Beijing, China

Clonal outbreak of Trichophyton tonsurans causing tinea capitis among a wrestling team in Beijing, China

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