Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum identification by real-time PCR targetting the polA gene in paraffin-embedded samples positive by immunohistochemistry

Gama, Adelina; Carrillo-Casas, EM; Hernández‐Castro, Rigoberto; Vázquez-Aceituno, VA; Toussaint–Caire, Sonia; Xicohtencatl‐Cortes, Juan; Fernández‐Martínez, Ramón; Moreno‐Coutiño, Gabriela

doi:10.1177/0956462417704123

Cited by 12 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…This indicates that multiplex real-time PCR is more sensitive than serological testing in primary syphilis and might be a valid screening method; this finding is consistent with that of researches. 26,27 In areas where multiple infections are epidemic, we may simply want to know whether the population is infected or not. Multiplex PCR is a clear choice to meet this need, as it is a rapid and accurate method that can be used to simultaneously screen for multiple sexually transmitted agents.…”

Section: Pcr Typementioning

confidence: 99%

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PCR detection for syphilis diagnosis: Status and prospects

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2019

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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Syphilis, a re‐emerging public health problem worldwide caused by Treponema pallidum subsp pallidum (T. pallidum), usually induces systemic and chronic inflammation in hosts who do not receive timely therapy after exposing to high‐risk factors such as leprous sexual contact. Before the treatment, rapid and accurate detection of syphilis is essential. However, the existing detection methods, which focus on the treponemal or non‐treponemal antibody test, both have inherent limitations. For instance, both of them cannot distinguish the stage and severity of syphilis. Non‐treponemal test such as RPR, which is generally deemed to be used for assessing treatment response, is influenced by biological false positives. Therefore, it is imperative to seek out a new and effective diagnostic test. With recent advancements in molecular biology and whole‐genome sequencing, the molecular diagnosis has increased in popularity, especially the use of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Here, we firstly present a mini‐review on the research of PCR detection methods used for syphilis diagnosis over the past decade, and we then compare these methodologies to assess their potential and the challenges faced. This information can provide a fresh perspective to help researchers address the current challenges.

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Section: Pcr Typementioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, the negative serum results turned positive a few days later. This indicates that multiplex real‐time PCR is more sensitive than serological testing in primary syphilis and might be a valid screening method; this finding is consistent with that of researches …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

PCR detection for syphilis diagnosis: Status and prospects

Zhou

Zhang

et al. 2019

Clinical Laboratory Analysis

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“…IHC staining with an antispirochete antibody and molecular biology techniques including conventional and real-time PCR demonstrate better sensitivity and specificity in localizing tissue spirochetes. 18,19 There were two cases who were Warthin-Starry stain negative but positive for T. pallidum by PCR in nine cases of EM-like syphilis. 3,6 In ten cases of EM-like secondary syphilis, seven had EM lesions without plasma cell infiltrate.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Secondary syphilis presenting as erythema multiforme in a HIV-positive homosexual man: a case report and literature review

et al. 2018

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Early syphilis can rarely cause erythema multiforme-type eruptions as well as triggering erythema multiforme (EM). EM-like lesions in secondary syphilis are characterized by clinical features of EM and laboratory tests consistent with secondary syphilis and the skin histology shows predominantly a plasma cell infiltrate with the presence of treponemes. When EM is triggered by early syphilis, the skin histology shows mixed inflammatory cells usually in the absence of treponemes in the skin lesion. There may also be mixed histology with the presence of treponemes in the absence of a plasma cell infiltrate and vice versa. We describe a case of secondary syphilis presenting as EM with bullae and histology showing EM features without a plasma cell infiltrate but positive for Treponema pallidum by immunohistochemical staining. The patient was also coinfected with cytomegalovirus, human immunodeficiency virus, and anal warts. The EM eruptions resolved with treatment for secondary syphilis with benzathine penicillin G.

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“…The immunostains also reportedly cross‐react with other types of spirochaete 51 . PCR‐based assays are also available and are more sensitive 52 . In many cases, correlation with serological studies is necessary to confirm the diagnosis.…”

Section: Bacterial Infection Of the Upper Gastrointestinal Tractmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infectious diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract

Panarelli

2020

Histopathology

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A broad spectrum of pathogens produce gastrointestinal disease. The ongoing spread of human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immune deficiency syndrome, the increased use of immunosuppressive therapy and the persistence of overcrowding and suboptimal sanitation in underdeveloped areas facilitate both disease transmission from environmental and foodborne sources and person‐to‐person transmission. Clinicians increasingly rely on endoscopic biopsy sample interpretation to diagnose gastrointestinal infections. Thus, pathologists must be aware of diagnostic features of a variety of microbial pathogens. Detection with molecular techniques also allows for correlation between infectious agents and their histopathological features, which has expanded our knowledge of the inflammatory changes produced by infectious agents. This review covers infectious disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract encountered in surgical pathology. Clinical, endoscopic and pathological features are presented. The review emphasises morphological features of viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites that may be found in tissue samples, and the inflammatory patterns that they produce. Differential diagnoses and useful ancillary techniques are discussed.

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Treponema pallidum ssp. pallidum identification by real-time PCR targetting the polA gene in paraffin-embedded samples positive by immunohistochemistry

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

PCR detection for syphilis diagnosis: Status and prospects

PCR detection for syphilis diagnosis: Status and prospects

Secondary syphilis presenting as erythema multiforme in a HIV-positive homosexual man: a case report and literature review

Infectious diseases of the upper gastrointestinal tract

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