TP53 and DNA-repair gene polymorphisms genotyping as a low-cost lung adenocarcinoma screening tool

Abstract

<jats:sec><jats:title>Aim</jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>TP53</jats:italic> and DNA repair polymorphisms have been proposed as cancer risk factors. This study evaluated the usability of <jats:italic>TP53</jats:italic> Arg72Pro single-nucleotide polymorphism, <jats:italic>X</jats:italic><jats:italic>RCC1</jats:italic> Arg399Gln and <jats:italic>RAD51</jats:italic> G135C as a low-cost lung adenocarcinoma screening tool.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Patients and methods</jats:title><jats:p>This case–control study included 78 atients with lung adenocarcinoma and 79 healthy matched controls. <jats:italic>TP53</jats:italic>, <jats:italic>XRCC1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>RAD51</jats:italic> genotyping was done by PCR followed by restriction length polymorphism. Descriptive analyses included genotype and allelic frequencies and deviations of the frequencies from those expected under Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium were assessed using the χ<jats:sup>2</jats:sup> test. The OR and 95% CIs were calculated as an estimate of relative risk, with significance set at p value &lt;0.05.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:italic>TP53</jats:italic> codon 72 Pro allele and the <jats:italic>XRCC1</jats:italic> codon 399 Arg allele in a homozygous state were associated with lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.037; OR (95% CI) 2.42 (1.10 to 5.31)), that is, p=0.037; OR (95% CI) 2.16 (1.08 to 4.33), respectively. Also, carriers of the <jats:italic>TP53</jats:italic> codon 72 Pro allele and the <jats:italic>XRCC1</jats:italic> codon 399 ArgArg genotype older than 50 showed an even higher risk of developing lung adenocarcinoma (p=0.03 in both cases).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:italic>TP53</jats:italic> codon 72 Arg allele and <jats:italic>XRCC1</jats:italic> codon 399 Gln allele are likely to have a protective effect against lung adenocarcinoma, especially in individuals older than 50 years of age. <jats:italic>XRCC1</jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TP53</jats:italic> genotyping might be a useful low-cost tool for evaluating individual lung cancer risk, leading to earlier detection and management of this disease.</jats:p></jats:sec>

The anticancer effects of cinobufagin on hepatocellular carcinoma Huh‑7�cells are associated with activation of the p73 signaling pathway

“…Compared with Huh-7 treated with cinobufagin, the ratio of p-P53(S315)/p53 was significantly decreased, and the ratio of p-P53(S392)/p53 was significantly increased in Huh-7 cells treated with PF-03814735 + cinobufagin treatments (P<0.05). However, compared with Huh-7 cells treated with cinobufagin, the ratios of p-P53(S315)/p53 and p-P53(S392)/p53 in Flag-AURKA-transfected Huh-7 cells treated with cinobufagin were significantly increased (P<0.05), compared with the classic anticancer signaling of p53 (27,28).…”

The Interplay between Cancer Biology and the Endocannabinoid System—Significance for Cancer Risk, Prognosis and Response to Treatment

“…In 2018, over two million new lung cancer (LC) cases were diagnosed, and over 1.3 million people have died from LC, making this disease the most common occurring malignant disease in the world, as well as the most common cause of cancer-related deaths [59]. Although LC is a model cancer for the success of molecular targeted therapies [105,106], due to the high cost of radiologically-based nation-wide screening programs [107,108], it is most often diagnosed in advanced disease stages when the level of cancer-related pain is high [109]. An individual combination of pharmacological and non-pharmacological approaches for each patient ensures the optimal palliative care which results in higher quality of life and longer survival.…”

<p>Genetic polymorphisms in <em>IL-7</em> and <em>IL-7R</em> are correlated with lung cancer risk in the Chinese Han population</p>

“…To our best knowledge, this is the first study to provide evidence ofthe potential role of the IL-7R variants in LC risk. Combined with the previous studies,21 this association may be a promising starting point on the association of IL-7R polymorphism with LC formation and progression and provide data for the construction of a genetic panel for the prediction of LC risk in China.…”