<i>Toxoplasma gondii</i> infection in children after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report and literature review

Luo, Lijuan; Shen, Nan; Chen, Wenjuan; Luo, Chengjuan; Huang, Xiaohang; Jiang, Yue-Lian; Cao, Qing

doi:10.1002/ped4.12290

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…To date, 4 cases have been reported that have shown that mNGS led to a final diagnosis of T. gondii infection after HSCT as reviewed in Table 1. 22–25 To our knowledge, our study is the first to report T-ALL with primary T. gondii infection, especially in a patient with an atypical continuously seronegative condition after HSCT, further highlighting the promising advantages of mNGS in rapid diagnosis without any other indicative clues. In particular, we aimed to emphasize 2 key points: (1) the importance of early application of mNGS as long as infection is suspected.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing May be a Tool for Timely Diagnosis of Seronegative and Primary Toxoplasma Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review

Lv,

Cao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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We report a case of Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) antibody seronegativity in a 14-year-old boy with a primary infection of T. gondii after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia who was rapidly diagnosed through metagenomic next-generation sequencing of peripheral blood as well as clinical manifestations. He was successfully cured with timely administration of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole due to early diagnosis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 62%

Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing May be a Tool for Timely Diagnosis of Seronegative and Primary Toxoplasma Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review

Lv,

Cao,

Wang

et al. 2023

Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal

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“…May be a clue to early prediction or diagnosis of HHV-6 encephalitis. 11,12 It has also been suggested that preexisting hyponatremia may also be a potential marker for predicting HHV-6 encephalitis in adults after HSCT. 13 In our study, four patients with HHV-6 encephalitis developed intractable hyponatremia during the course of the disease, and the decrease in serum sodium levels all preceded the onset of encephalitis by 1-2 days.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

"Unusual" viral diseases after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter, retrospective study

Lin,

Wu,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Preprint

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Objective To observe the risk factors, clinical features, diagnosis and treatment, and prognosis of "unusual" viral diseases except "common" viruses such as cytomegalovirus (CMV) and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) under the background of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation dominated by haploidentical transplantation; to explore the optimal detection strategy for rare viruses. Method From April 2018 to June 2023, the "uncommon" virus disease cases other than CMV and EBV diagnosed in 3 transplant centers in China: the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, the Second People's Hospital of Huai'an and the Affiliated People's Hospital of Ningbo University were retrospectively observed and analyzed. Result There were 10 cases of human adenovirus (HAdV) virus diseases, 7 cases of human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) virus diseases and 2 cases of human parvovirus B19 (HPV-B19) virus diseases. Up to the end of follow-up, 1 in 10 HAdV patients had survived and 9 had died, 8 of them died from viral infection and 1 died from recurrence of the primary disease. Of the 7 patients with HHV-6 virus, 6 survived and 1 died from recurrence of the primary disease. Of 2 patients with HPV-B19 virus, 1 survived and 1 died of HPV-B19 pneumonia. Conclusion CD3+T cells < 300 /ul, GVHD, ATG, the use of CD25 monoclonal antibody, pre-transplant chimeric antigen receptor T-Cell immunotherapy (CAR-T) or blinatumomab treatment history: may increase the risk of "unusual" viral disease; Pathogenic metagenomic next-generation sequencing(mNGS) of organ-specific samples has the best detection efficiency and can provide information about virus subtypes. The prognosis of HAdV-C infection and HPV-B19 systemic infection is poor, which should be paid more attention to, and high-risk patients should be screened as early as possible.

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Primary exploring the value of metagenomic next‐generation sequencing in detecting pathogenic bacteria of cholangitis with biliary atresia after Kasai operation

Li²,

Sun³

et al. 2022

Pediatr Surg Int

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To evaluate the value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in detecting pathogenic bacteria of cholangitis for patients with biliary atresia after Kasai operation. MethodsPatients of biliary atresia with cholangitis after Kasai operation who were admitted to Xi'an Children's Hospital from July 2019 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. Both blood culture and mNGS were carried out in all of these patients. The detection rate of pathogenic bacteria, pathogenic bacteria spectrum, test time, in ammatory indicators and liver function were compared. The correlation between drug resistance gene and drug resistance phenotype was analyzed. All the patients were followed up for 0.5-3 years to evaluate the onset of cholangitis and the survival status of autologous liver. Resultsa total of 30 episodes of cholangitis in 25 patients were included in this study. There were signi cant differences in the detection rate of pathogenic bacteria [23.3 vs.73.3%, P < 0.05] and the test time [120 (114.5-120) vs.16 (16-21) h, P < 0.001] between the blood culture and mNGS. In ammatory indicators (CRP, PCT) and liver function (TB, DB, GGT) were compared before and after anti-infection, and there was signi cant statistical difference with two methods. Four kinds of bacteria were detected by blood cultures, and 10 kinds of bacteria were detected by mNGS. The drug-resistant phenotypes and drugresistant genotypes of 3 Klebsiella pneumoniae strains were compared, h Cholangitis occurred 3 times in 1 case (4%) and twice in 3 cases (12%). Autologous liver survived in 17 cases (68%). ConclusionCompared with traditional blood culture, mNGS is more e cient, convenient and accurate in the detection of pathogens. It provides a new method for the accurate detection of pathogenic bacteria of cholangitis with biliary atresia after Kasai operation.

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Toxoplasma gondii infection in children after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: A case report and literature review

Cited by 5 publications

References 24 publications

Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing May be a Tool for Timely Diagnosis of Seronegative and Primary Toxoplasma Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review

Metagenomic Next-generation Sequencing May be a Tool for Timely Diagnosis of Seronegative and Primary Toxoplasma Infection After Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: A Case Report and Literature Review

"Unusual" viral diseases after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation: a multicenter, retrospective study

Primary exploring the value of metagenomic next‐generation sequencing in detecting pathogenic bacteria of cholangitis with biliary atresia after Kasai operation

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