Togninia(Calosphaeriales) is confirmed as teleomorph ofPhaeoacremoniumby means of morphology, sexual compatibility and DNA phylogeny

Abstract

Petri disease, or black goo, is a serious disease of vines in most areas where grapevines are cultivated. The predominant associated fungus is Phaeomoniella chlamydospora (Chaetothyriales). Several species of Phaeoacremonium (Pm.) also are associated, of which Pm. aleophilum is the most common. Although no teleomorph is known for Phaeoacremonium, the genus Togninia previously has been linked to phaeoacremonium-like anamorphs. To investigate the possible anamorph-teleomorph connection of Phaeoacremonium to Togninia, anamorphs of Togninia minima, T. fraxinopennsylvanica and T. novae-zealandiae morphologically were compared with Pm. aleophilum and some representative cultures were mated in all combinations. Although no interspecies mating proved fertile, matings between isolates of Pm. aleophilum produced a Togninia teleomorph within 3-4 weeks. Certain field isolates of Pm. aleophilum commonly produced the teleomorph, demonstrating that both mating types can occur in the same vine and thus also explaining the genetic diversity observed for this fungus in some vineyards. To elucidate the phylogenetic relationships among these taxa, isolates were subjected to sequence analysis of the nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacers (ITS1, ITS2) and the 5.8S rRNA gene, as well as portions of the translation elongation factor 1 alpha (EFAccepted for publication December 3, 2002. 1 Corresponding author. E-mail: crous@cbs.knaw.nl 1␣) gene. The generic placement of teleomorphs within Togninia (Calosphaeriales) further was confirmed via phylogenetic analyses of 18S small subunit (SSU) DNA. From these sequences, morphological and mating data, we conclude that T. minima is the teleomorph of Pm. aleophilum, and that it has a biallelic heterothallic mating system. An epitype and mating type tester strains also are designated for T. minima.

Molecular analyses uncover the phylogenetic placement of the lichenized hyphomycetous genusCheiromycina

“…Recent application of molecular- and culture-based analyses have helped resolving many anamorph-teleomorph connections (e.g., Crous et al 2001, 2004, 2006; Lizel et al 2003; Réblová and Seifert 2004, 2011; Huhndorf and Fernández 2005; Shenoy et al 2007; Ertz et al 2011, 2013, 2014; Pérez-Ortega et al 2011; Muggia et al 2015).…”

Phaeoacremonium parasiticum Infections Confirmed by β-Tubulin Sequence Analysis of Case Isolates

“…The following PCR program was used on a GeneAmp PCR system 9700 (Applied Biosystems, Foster City, Calif.): 96°C for 5 min, followed by 36 cycles of denaturation (94°C for 30 s), annealing (58°C for 30 s), and elongation (72°C for 90 s), with a final 7-min extension step at 72°C. The PCR products were analyzed and purified as described by Mostert et al (19). Sequencing reactions were carried out with both PCR primers using the DYEnamic ET terminator cycle sequencing kit (Amersham Biosciences, Roosendal, The Netherlands) according to the manufacturer's recommendations, and the resulting products were analyzed on an ABI Prism 3700 DNA sequencer (Perkin-Elmer, Norwalk, Conn.).…”

Fungal Trunk Pathogens in the Grapevine Propagation Process: Potential Inoculum Sources, Detection, Identification, and Management Strategies

“…In the case of Pm. aleophilum, the presence of both mating types (129) and the formation of T. minima perithecia on incubated grapevine wood (147) have indicated that the teleomorph could easily form in the field under the right environmental conditions. Several studies have shown that Pa. chlamydospora and Pm.…”