TOB1 suppresses proliferation in K‐Ras wild‐type pancreatic cancer

Abstract

TOB1 participates in various kinds of cancers. However, its role in pancreatic cancer has rarely been reported. In this study, we explored the expression and mechanisms of TOB1 in regulating the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer cells. TOB1 expression was determined by data mining and immunohistochemistry (IHC), and its localization was observed by immunofluorescence. CCK‐8 cell proliferation, colony formation, flow cytometric, transwell migration, and Western blot (WB) assays were used to examine how it impacts the malignant phenotype of pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, Foxa2 binding to TOB1 was tested by dual‐luciferase reporter assays, and RNA‐Seq was performed to identify signaling pathways. We found TOB1 was downregulated in pancreatic cancer tissues and was mainly located in the cytoplasm. TOB1 overexpression reduced the proliferation of K‐Ras wild‐type pancreatic cancer cells but made no difference to cell migration and invasion. Foxa2 overexpression significantly enhanced TOB1 promoter activity. Moreover, overexpressing TOB1 substantially enriched the calcium pathway in K‐Ras wild‐type pancreatic cancer cells. In conclusion, TOB1 may suppress the proliferation of K‐Ras wild‐type pancreatic cancer cells by regulating calcium pathway genes.

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“…Low expression of BTG1 might be involved in the progression of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, suggesting that BTG1 might be a prognostic marker of survival rate in the cancer [36]. Similarly, Tob1 is downregulated within the tissues of pancreatic cancer, and the Tob1 overexpression inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells [37]. Tob1 may suppress the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating several genes on calcium pathway [37].…”

“…Similarly, Tob1 is downregulated within the tissues of pancreatic cancer, and the Tob1 overexpression inhibits the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells [37]. Tob1 may suppress the proliferation of pancreatic cancer cells by regulating several genes on calcium pathway [37]. Additionally, downregulated expression of Tob1 has been found in malicious gastric cancer, suggesting that low expression of Tob1 may be an independent indicator of poor prognosis in gastric cancers [38].…”