<i>Timing of Electrical and Mechanical Events of the Left Side of the Human Heart</i>

Braunwald, Eugene; Moscovitz, Howard L.; Amram, Salomao S.; Lasser, Richard P.; Sapin, Samuel O.; Himmelstein, Aaron; Ravitch, Mark M.; Gordon, Alvin J.

doi:10.1152/jappl.1955.8.3.309

Cited by 32 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The PEP is affected by changes in inotropic state, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure and aortic diastolic pressure [19][20][21][22], Although diastolic blood pressure was higher in the patients with coronary artery disease (group 1) than the normals (group 2) tending to prolong PEP, an additional explanation for lengthened PEP at this stage would be impaired response of the myocar dium to inotropic stimulation for a given HR as a result of ischemia. Both disproportionate lengthening of LVET and of PEP prolong EMS, accounting for the dispropor tionate shortening of diastole immediately after exercise.…”

Section: Coronary Angiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diastolic Time in Coronary Artery Disease: Postexercise Compromise and Compensation

Sugiura¹,

Iwasaka²,

Hasegawa³

et al. 1987

Am J Noninvas Cardiol

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To evaluate left ventricular performance during recovery from exercise, 13 men with coronary artery disease, no history of infarction and normal systolic function (group 1) and 25 normals (group 2) were studied by ear densitography immediately, and at 2, 5 and 10 min after exercise in the upright position. Reference left ventricular ejection time-heart rate and electromechanical systole (EMS)-heart rate regression equations during the recovery period were obtained from group 2. Diastolic time (cardiac cycle - EMS) was calculated. Percent diastole (diastolic time/cardiac cycle X 100) increased significantly at 2 min after exercise compared to immediately after, while it decreased significantly from 2 to 5 min after exercise in group 1. Immediately after exercise, EMS in group 1 was significantly longer than expected from the reference regression equation, whereas there were no differences at 2 and 5 min postexercise. Consequently, diastolic time shortened immediately after exercise, but at 2 min postexercise diastole duration increased disproportionately in group 1, a response permitting prolonged myocardial perfusion. This would increase myocardial oxygen supply, while corresponding relative shortening of the duration of systole would decrease oxygen demand, together promoting recovery from ischemia.

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Section: Coronary Angiographymentioning

confidence: 99%

Diastolic Time in Coronary Artery Disease: Postexercise Compromise and Compensation

Sugiura¹,

Iwasaka²,

Hasegawa³

et al. 1987

Am J Noninvas Cardiol

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“…Similar studies indicate that ventricular filling begins about 0.10 second after the beginning of the second heart sound. 2 Consequently, this study is concerned with precordial motions occurring at these particular times, in the hope that such events may afford information which can be readily and simply obtained and which will furnish a guide as to the time of onset of ejection and filling of the ventricles.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Movements and Forces of the Human Heart

Norman¹,

Harrison²

1958

AMA Arch Intern Med

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The present study is one in a series designed to elucidate the genesis of the precordial motions. It is concerned with an attempt to learn whether low-frequency precordial tracings (kinetocardiograms [KCG]) can be utilized as an index to the time of onset of ejection and filling.A number of observers have published data concerning the time elapsing between the beginning of electrical excitation and the start of the pressure rise in the pulmonary artery and the aorta.1-3 These studies indicate that the right and left ventricles begin to eject at approximately 0.08 and 0.10 second, respectively, after the onset of the QRS. Similar studies indicate that ventricular filling begins about 0.10 second after the beginning of the second heart sound.2 Consequently, this study is concerned with precordial motions occurring at these particular times, in the hope that such events may afford information which can be readily and simply obtained and which will furnish a guide as to the time of onset of ejection and filling of the ventricles. MethodsThe subjects studied were 36 men who lacked evidence of cardiac disease. Of these, 25 were in the third decade; 6, in the fourth, and 5, in the sixth or seventh.Records were made from various interspaces in the right and left parasternal regions, in the left midclavicular line, in the area of the apex, and also from the right and left epigastric regions. Two techniques were used for recording the precordial tracings. One of them was the crossbarbellows method described in previous communica¬ tions.t_e The other involved the use of a funnel 11 cm. in its largest circumference, which was strapped to the chest. In the center of the funnel was a small bellows, motion of which was activated by a metal probe 3 mm. in diameter, which was placed in an intercostal space at the desired point. The results obtained by the two procedures were similar except in regard to some minor details, which will be mentioned later.As reference tracings, the electrocardiogram and the carotid pulse were utilized.For convenience of description, the various precordial points are designated as follows : The letter is used to denote the kinetocardiogram, and numerals are utilized to indicate the transverse and vertical positions-one meaning right parasternal, two meaning left parasternal, and four meaning left midclavicular. Thus the first, or left, numeral has the same significance as that in the V leads of the electrocardiogram. The second, or right, numeral refers to the interspace. Thus K13 represents the kinetocardiogram obtained from the third interspace in the right parasternal line; K15, that obtained from the fifth interspace in the left midclavicular line, etc. The terms Ker, Km., and Kx refer, respectively, to traces from the right and left epigastric regions and from the point of maximal impulse. Thus in stocky subjects with transverse hearts, the Kx point might correspond to K45 or even Ku, while in slender persons with vertical hearts the Kx point would tend to be K35 (i. e., the fifth interspace midw...

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“…Ό ερευνητής ούτος συμπεραίνει οτι ή PEP δύναται να χρητιμοποιηθή ώς δείκτης συσταλτικότητος του μυοκαρδίου, εις ας καταστάσεις ή τελοδιαστολική πίεσις τής αριστεράς κοιλίας είναι σταθερά ή δέν ποικίλλει σημαντικως, υπό τάς συνθήκας τουλάχιστον ύπό τάς οποίας έμελετήθη. (Braunwald, 1955). Έπί μειώσεως τής συσταλτικότητος ή EICT επιμηκύνεται (Jesek, 1963), διότι μειουται ή ταχύτης ανόδου τής ίσο -ογκοτικής πιέσεως εντός τής αριστεράς κοιλίας, και ή ένδοκοιλιακή πίεσις βραδύνει δια να άνέλθη μέχρι του επιπέδου τής διαστολικής αορτικής πιέσεως .…”

Section: καρωτιδικός σφυγμόςunclassified

Συμβολη Εις Την Μελετην Της Αιμοδυναμικης Των Παθησεων Του Θυρεοειδους

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Timing of Electrical and Mechanical Events of the Left Side of the Human Heart

Cited by 32 publications

References 0 publications

Diastolic Time in Coronary Artery Disease: Postexercise Compromise and Compensation

Diastolic Time in Coronary Artery Disease: Postexercise Compromise and Compensation

Movements and Forces of the Human Heart

Συμβολη Εις Την Μελετην Της Αιμοδυναμικης Των Παθησεων Του Θυρεοειδους

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