<i>Thymus vulgaris</i> L. essential oils from Emilia Romagna Apennines (Italy): phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity on food-borne pathogens

Tardugno, Roberta; Serio, Annalisa; Purgatorio, Chiara; Savini, Vincenzo; Paparella, Antonello; Benvenuti, Stefania

doi:10.1080/14786419.2020.1798666

Cited by 14 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

(7 reference statements)

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“…a The numbering refers to elution order; b Literature retention index (RI); c Retention index (RI) relative to a standard mixture of n-alkanes on SPB TM -5 column; d Identified compounds (<0.05% have not been reported); e Relative peak area percent represent averages of 3 determinations.Our findings are endorsed by Tardugno et al[62], who reported that the main constituents of TEO were thymol(35.84-41.15%), p-cymene (17.50-21.73%), γ-terpinene (15.06-18.42%), linalool (2.55-5.37%), and carvacrol (1.45-1.70%). Csikós et al…”

supporting

confidence: 87%

Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil Protects Zebrafish against Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Cholinergic and Antioxidants Systems

et al. 2020

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Thymus vulgaris L. is an aromatic herb used for medicinal purposes such as antimicrobial, spasmolytic, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, antitumor, and may have beneficial effects in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease. The present study aimed to investigate whether Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil enhances cognitive function via the action on cholinergic neurons using scopolamine (Sco)-induced zebrafish (Danio rerio) model of memory impairments. Thymus vulgaris L. essential oil (TEO, 25, 150, and 300 µL/L) was administered by immersion to zebrafish once daily for 13 days, whereas memory impairment was induced by Sco (100 μM), a muscarinic receptor antagonist, delivered 30 min before behavioral tests. Spatial memory was assessed using the Y-maze test and novel object recognition test (NOR). Anxiety and depression were measured in the novel tank diving test (NTT). Gas Chromatograph-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was used to study the phytochemical composition of TEO. Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity and oxidative stress response in the brain of zebrafish were determined. TEO ameliorated Sco-induced increasing of AChE activity, amnesia, anxiety, and reduced the brain antioxidant capacity. These results suggest that TEO may have preventive and/or therapeutic potentials in the management of memory deficits and brain oxidative stress in zebrafish with amnesia.

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confidence: 87%

Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil Protects Zebrafish against Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Cholinergic and Antioxidants Systems

et al. 2020

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“…Ball [16]; Limonium avei (De Not.) Brullo and Erben [31]; Centaurium erythraea [50]; Thymus vulgaris L. [51]; Cannabis sativa [52]; Lavandula × intermedia and Lavandula angustifolia [53]; Rapa Catozza Napoletana (Brassica rapa L. var. rapa DC.)…”

Section: Bacterium (Gram+) Number Of Plant Species Plant Nameunclassified

Plants with Antimicrobial Activity Growing in Italy: A Pathogen-Driven Systematic Review for Green Veterinary Pharmacology Applications

et al. 2022

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Drug resistance threatening humans may be linked with antimicrobial and anthelmintic resistance in other species, especially among farm animals and, more in general, in the entire environment. From this perspective, Green Veterinary Pharmacology was proven successful for the control of parasites in small ruminants and for the control of other pests such as varroa in bee farming. As in anthelmintic resistance, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) represents one of the major challenges against the successful treatment of infectious diseases, and antimicrobials use in agriculture contributes to the spread of more AMR bacterial phenotypes, genes, and proteins. With this systematic review, we list Italian plants with documented antimicrobial activity against possible pathogenic microbes. Methods: The literature search included all the manuscripts published since 1990 in PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus using the keywords (i) “antimicrobial, plants, Italy”; (ii) “antibacterial, plant, Italy”; (iii) “essential oil, antibacterial, Italy”; (iv) “essential oil, antimicrobial, Italy”; (v) “methanol extract, antibacterial, Italy”; (vi) “methanol extract, antimicrobial, Italy”. Results: In total, 105 manuscripts that documented the inhibitory effect of plants growing in Italy against bacteria were included. One hundred thirty-five plants were recorded as effective against Gram+ bacteria, and 88 against Gram−. This will provide a ready-to-use comprehensive tool to be further tested against the indicated list of pathogens and will suggest new alternative strategies against bacterial pathogens to be employed in Green Veterinary Pharmacology applications.

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“…Thymus and Citrus species plants constitute two of the main sources of essential oil, which are extensively studied for their potential uses in the food industry [ 26 , 27 ]. Thymus vulgaris L. and Thymus serpyllum L. or wild thyme of the family Lamiaceae are aromatic flowering plants originating from the Mediterranean region which contain high amounts of EOs rich in polyphenolic compounds—phenolic acids or flavonoids [ 28 , 29 ]. T. serpyllum and T. vulgaris extracts possess antibacterial, antimicrobial, antifungal, and insecticidal effects [ 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 ].…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Essential Oils and Hydrolates on the Infectivity of Murine Norovirus

Cozzi

Vicenza

Battistini

et al. 2023

Viruses

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The use of natural substances with antiviral properties might reduce foodborne viral diseases. In this study, we evaluated the virucidal effect of Citrus limon and Thymus serpyllum essential oils (EOs) and of Citrus Limon, Thymus serpyllum and Thymus vulgaris hydrolates on murine norovirus (MNV), a human norovirus surrogate. To assess the virucidal effect of these natural substances, the reduction in viral infectivity was estimated by comparing the TCID50/mL of untreated viral suspension and the viral suspension treated with hydrolates and EOs at different concentrations. The results showed a natural loss of infectivity of the untreated virus after 24 h of approx. 1 log. The EO (1%) of T. serpyllum, and hydrolates (1% and 2%) of T. serpyllum and T. vulgaris immediately caused a reduction in MNV infectivity of about 2 log but did not provide a further significant decrease after 24 h. Instead, the EO (1%) and hydrolate (1% and 2%) of C. limon exerted an immediate reduction in the viral infectivity of about 1.3 log and 1 log, respectively, followed by a further reduction in infectivity of 1 log after 24 h for the hydrolate. These results will allow for the implementation of a depuration treatment based on the use of these natural compounds.

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Thymus vulgaris L. essential oils from Emilia Romagna Apennines (Italy): phytochemical composition and antimicrobial activity on food-borne pathogens

Cited by 14 publications

References 20 publications

Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil Protects Zebrafish against Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Cholinergic and Antioxidants Systems

Thymus vulgaris Essential Oil Protects Zebrafish against Cognitive Dysfunction by Regulating Cholinergic and Antioxidants Systems

Plants with Antimicrobial Activity Growing in Italy: A Pathogen-Driven Systematic Review for Green Veterinary Pharmacology Applications

Effects of Essential Oils and Hydrolates on the Infectivity of Murine Norovirus

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