The Cambridge Quintet: A Work of Scientific Speculation

The Essence of Simulation and Artificial Intelligence

“…Simulation is not duplication. Prof. J. L. Casti invented a banquet in 1949 in Cambridge, England, in an interesting essay [23]. He invited A. Turing, philosopher L. Wittgenstein, quantum physicist E. Schrödinger and geneticist J.…”

“…If memory and prediction is the main indicator of intelligence, the current AI model is well deserved. For example, a trained ANN remembers the training data model and can predict new events; computer chess, obviously can not do without memory and prediction; The key to the AI formulation system introduced in [23] is memory and knowledge discovery, and the ability to predict the performance of products using new materials.…”

“…As the "onion skin" metaphor vividly reveals, unwilling doubters continue to reset the gap and find new mysteries such as comprehension [18,23], intentionality [31], consciousness [25], incalculability and quantum uncertainty [25]. However, scientists are getting more and more clear knowledge about these subjects, the simulation of them is becoming more and more possible, and the gaps have been retreating repeatedly, and have become something in the picture again and again.…”

“…In Casti's essay [23], Wittgenstein insists that human thought and language cannot be understood by any non-human being, and therefore machines must not be able to think. Searle's famous thought experiment, the Chinese Room, also tries to prove that even if a computer system can talk to people smoothly, it doesn't understand language at all [11].…”

Memory and punishment

“…Casti suggests that total erasure of memory is equivalent to physical death. 33 When memory loss has not been so drastic as to render the offender legally insane, the sophisticated retributivist may still acknowledge that any form of mental impairment, including memory loss, even if not sufficient to disrupt personal identity, may be a mitigating factor. 34 However, such acknowledgement, as discussed above, is usually seen as a recognition that offenders need not always be punished to the fullest extent that they deserve.…”