<i>The Archaeology of the Jerusalem Area</i>. W. Harold Mare.

Cahill, Jane M.; Tarler, David

doi:10.2307/3210208

Cited by 1 publication

(4 citation statements)

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“…The samples were taken from the cesspit beneath each seat by the archaeologists excavating latrine, with each latrine excavated by different archaeologists some decades apart. The cesspit sediment from each latrine was found to contain intestinal helminth eggs on microscopy (Cahill et al ., 1991 ; Langgut, 2022 ). They were no longer used after the destruction of Jerusalem by the Babylonians in 586 BCE.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In room L789 a large locally carved block stone toilet seat was found ( Fig. 2B ) (Cahill et al ., 1991 ), virtually identical in design to the Armon ha-Natziv toilet seat. The stone was positioned above a plastered cesspit and so seems to be positioned in its original place of use.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscopy of sediment from this cesspit by Karl Reinhard has identified the eggs of whipworm and Taenia sp. tapeworm (Cahill et al ., 1991 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some are from the south eastern ridge of Jerusalem, known also as the City of David (Vincent, 1911 , 29; Shiloh, 1984 ; Chapman, 1992 ; Steiner, 2001 ; De Groot and Bernick-Greenberg, 2012 , 352; Vukosavović et al ., 2021 ; Gibson, 2022 ). However, only the 2 installations that were reported by Shiloh were found in situ , above a cesspit (Cahill et al ., 1991 ). The others were found out of context in various excavations (Vukosavović, in press , 2023) .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Giardia duodenalis and dysentery in Iron Age Jerusalem (7th–6th century BCE)

Mitchell,

Wang,

Billig

et al. 2023

Parasitology

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The aim of this study was to determine if the protozoa that cause dysentery might have been present in Jerusalem, the capital of the Kingdom of Judah, during the Iron Age. Sediments from 2 latrines pertaining to this time period were obtained, 1 dating from the 7th century BCE and another from the 7th to early 6th century BCE. Microscopic investigations have previously shown that the users were infected by whipworm (Trichuris trichiura), roundworm (Ascaris lumbricoides), Taenia sp. tapeworm and pinworm (Enterobius vermicularis). However, the protozoa that cause dysentery are fragile and do not survive well in ancient samples in a form recognizable using light microscopy. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits designed to detect the antigens of Entamoeba histolytica, Cryptosporidium sp. and Giardia duodenalis were used. Results for Entamoeba and Cryptosporidium were negative, while Giardia was positive for both latrine sediments when the analysis was repeated three times. This provides our first microbiological evidence for infective diarrhoeal illnesses that would have affected the populations of the ancient near east. When we integrate descriptions from 2nd and 1st millennium BCE Mesopotamian medical texts, it seems likely that outbreaks of dysentery due to giardiasis may have caused ill health throughout early towns across the region.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Microscopy of sediment from this cesspit by Karl Reinhard has identified the eggs of whipworm and Taenia sp. tapeworm (Cahill et al ., 1991 ).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%