<i>Taxus spp.</i>: Botany, Horticulture, and Source of Anti‐Cancer Compounds

DeLong, John M.; Prange, Robert K.

doi:10.1002/9780470767986.ch6

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…It has been reported that wood of Taxus brevifolia has been used by the people of British Columbia for wedges, needles, bows, digging sticks and whaling harpoons. T. brevifolia bark has been used by many tribes in medicine [ 87 ]. A steeped solution of T. brevifolia bark has been used by Coast Salish people of British Columbia to treat ailments of tuberculosis, liver, kidney stomach and digestive tracts [ 88 ].…”

Section: Sources Of Taxol Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting the Biosynthetic Potency of Taxol from Fungal Endophytes of Conifers Plants; Genome Mining and Metabolic Manipulation

et al. 2020

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Endophytic fungi have been considered as a repertoire for bioactive secondary metabolites with potential application in medicine, agriculture and food industry. The biosynthetic pathways by fungal endophytes raise the argument of acquisition of these machineries of such complex metabolites from the plant host. Diterpenoids “Taxol” is the most effective anticancer drug with highest annual sale, since its discovery in 1970 from the Pacific yew tree, Taxus brevifolia. However, the lower yield of Taxol from this natural source (bark of T. brevifolia), availability and vulnerability of this plant to unpredicted fluctuation with the ecological and environmental conditions are the challenges. Endophytic fungi from Taxus spp. opened a new avenue for industrial Taxol production due to their fast growth, cost effectiveness, independence on climatic changes, feasibility of genetic manipulation. However, the anticipation of endophytic fungi for industrial Taxol production has been challenged by the loss of its productivity, due to the metabolic reprograming of cells, downregulating the expression of its encoding genes with subculturing and storage. Thus, the objectives of this review were to (1) Nominate the endophytic fungal isolates with the Taxol producing potency from Taxaceae and Podocarpaceae; (2) Emphasize the different approaches such as molecular manipulation, cultural optimization, co-cultivation for enhancing the Taxol productivities; (3) Accentuate the genome mining of the rate-limiting enzymes for rapid screening the Taxol biosynthetic machinery; (4) Triggering the silenced rate-limiting genes and transcriptional factors to activates the biosynthetic gene cluster of Taxol.

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Section: Sources Of Taxol Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exploiting the Biosynthetic Potency of Taxol from Fungal Endophytes of Conifers Plants; Genome Mining and Metabolic Manipulation

et al. 2020

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“…The needles were then subjected to centrifugation at 4500 rpm for 10 min at 25 • C. A second incubation period of 20 min at room temperature followed. Then, the needles were transferred to the co-cultivation media- 1 2 Murashige & Skoog (MS) media [55] supplemented with 15 mg L −1 acetosyringone-for two days, with the adaxial side facing the medium. The same procedure was performed with needles and pure MYA as the control.…”

Section: Ex Vitro Needle Inoculation By Liquid Co-culturing With Bact...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Taxus baccata L. is the most commonly cultivated species of Taxus in Europe, mainly used for ornamental purposes [1]. The medicinal interest in Taxus was low until the potential anticancer properties of paclitaxel from Taxus was found [1][2][3][4]. Paclitaxel (also called Taxol ® ) is a tricyclic diterpenoid with the formula C 47 H 51 NO 14 [5,6].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hairy Root Induction of Taxus baccata L. by Natural Transformation with Rhizobium rhizogenes

Plácido

Pateraki

et al. 2022

Horticulturae

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Paclitaxel (Taxol®) is a potent anticancer agent, but the widespread pharmaceutical use of paclitaxel is hampered by its limited availability due to low accumulation levels in the native yew (Taxus spp.) plants. Currently, hairy root culture is an emerging biotechnological tool that presents several advantages such as reduced costs and higher specialized metabolite production, therefore, its application to paclitaxel production can be of commercial and medicinal interest. The objective of present study was to induce hairy root in Taxus baccata L. by transformation with the wild type Rhizobium rhizogenes A4 strain. Thus, T. baccata was inoculated by three different inoculation methods: (a) ex vitro seedlings inoculation by direct injection of a liquid bacterial culture; (b) ex vitro needles inoculation by liquid co-culturing with bacteria; (c) ex vitro shoots inoculation by dipping liquid bacterial culture. Hairy roots were formed only from ex vitro seedlings inoculated by the direct inoculation method, with transformation efficiency of 14.3%. Formation of hairy roots was observed two months after inoculation. This project forms the basis for the establishment of hairy root cultures from T. baccata for the production of paclitaxel.

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Organ- and tissuespecific variation in antiradical potential and phenolic compounds content in plants of the genus Taxus spp.

Filipava¹,

Lohvina²,

Спиридович³

2022

Experimental Biology and Biotechnology

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The paper presents the results of an investigation of the antiradical activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents in aboveground and underground organs and tissues of Taxus spp. plants (T. baccata L. cv. Semperaurea, T. cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. and T. wallichiana Zucc.) introduced in the Republic of Belarus. The analysis indicates the dependence of antiradical activity value and the level of phenolic compounds on the organ- and tissue-specific localisation. Root periderm (secondary dermal tissue) extracts of all Taxus spp. species studied showed the best antiradical activity with the highest total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Thus, the extracts from the root periderm of T. wallichiana Zucc., T. cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. and T. baccata L. cv. Semperaurea had antiradical activity of (28.7 ± 1.0), (26.1 ± 0.8) and (22.4 ± 0.7) mg ascorbic acid equivalent per 1 g dry weight, respectively, which was 78–81 % higher than the antioxidant activity of the trunk-bark extracts and 42– 64 % higher than the activity of the needle extracts. The total phenolic content of the root periderm extracts of all investigated plants varied from (129.9 ± 2.9) to (154.2 ± 4.3) mg gallic acid equivalent per 1 g dry weight, and was found to be highest in the T. wallichiana Zucc. extract. The greatest flavonoid content was observed with extracts of the root periderm of T. cuspidata Sieb. et Zucc. ((13.0 ± 0.4) mg quercetin equivalent per 1 g dry weight).

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Taxus spp.: Botany, Horticulture, and Source of Anti‐Cancer Compounds

Cited by 3 publications

References 72 publications

Exploiting the Biosynthetic Potency of Taxol from Fungal Endophytes of Conifers Plants; Genome Mining and Metabolic Manipulation

Exploiting the Biosynthetic Potency of Taxol from Fungal Endophytes of Conifers Plants; Genome Mining and Metabolic Manipulation

Hairy Root Induction of Taxus baccata L. by Natural Transformation with Rhizobium rhizogenes

Organ- and tissuespecific variation in antiradical potential and phenolic compounds content in plants of the genus Taxus spp.

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