<i>Tarsius tumpara</i>: A New Tarsier Species from Siau Island, North Sulawesi

Shekelle, Myron; Groves, Colin P.; Merker, Stefan; Supriatna, Jatna

doi:10.1896/052.023.0106

Cited by 34 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…The population is approximately 63,801, of whom 64 % (40,758) live on Siau Island, the administrative principal island of Sitaro (Badan Pusat Statistik Kabupaten Kepulauan Sitaro 2012). Sitaro is an archipelago of volcanic oceanic islands that arise from the sea floor at a depth of over 1,000 m within the Sangihe arc (Shekelle et al 2008 (Paris et al 2014), the capital city of North Sulawesi Province, 40 km from Siau, the district capital, and 4 km from the closest town Bahoi (town of Tagulandang subdistrict, which is the center of the administration area of Laingpatehi village) on the island of Tagulandang. Ruang has an area of 1,426 ha and has only two villages, Laingpatehi and Pumpente with a total population of 843 (Kantor Kecamatan Tagulandang 2011).…”

Section: Study Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacities in Facing Natural Hazards: A Small Island Perspective

Rampengan

Boedhihartono

Law

et al. 2014

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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Isolated communities on small islands are often characterized as vulnerable and marginalized. We studied the recent history of Laingpatehi, a village on Ruang Island off the north coast of Sulawesi, Indonesia to show that the marginalization-vulnerability nexus can be offset by capacity and social cohesion to enable sustainable livelihoods. The island has been impacted by volcanic eruptions, earthquakes, and competition for marine resources from mainland-based fishermen. The community has shown a remarkable ability to cope and prosper in the face of a series of external hazards. We used a sustainable livelihoods approach to identify the assets that enabled the villagers to cope. Strong social cohesion was central to the ability to organize the community and confront hazards. A diversified livelihood strategy drawing on the small island environment and its coastal and marine resources, income generating activities in a distant satellite village, and significant remittances from employment in other parts of Indonesia underpinned people's capacities to face hazards. Government assistance played a supporting role. The case of Laingpatehi demonstrates how remoteness, rather than being a source of vulnerability, can provide access to existing resources and facilitate innovation. Disaster risk reduction strategies should focus more on reinforcing these existing capacities to deal with hazards and less on physical protection and postdisaster responses.

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Section: Study Locationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Capacities in Facing Natural Hazards: A Small Island Perspective

Rampengan

Boedhihartono

Law

et al. 2014

Int J Disaster Risk Sci

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“…During the past 20 yr, studies of museum collections, together with field studies, have begun to disentangle the confusion surrounding species identification. As a result, the number of species described has increased and it is currently accepted that apart from Tarsius pumilus (Miller and Hollister 1921), a pygmy species endemic to mossy forests above 1800 m (Musser and Dagosto 1987), the widely distributed population of Tarsius tarsier (synonym Tarsius spectrum; Brandon-Jones et al 2004) contains the following species: T. tumpara (Shekelle et al 2008a), Siau Island; T. sangirensis (Meyer 1897), Greater Sangihe Island; T. dianae (Niemitz et al 1991), northern areas of central Sulawesi; T. dentatus (Miller and Hollister 1921), northwest parts of Central Sulawesi (this species is suggested to be a possible senior synonym of T. dianae; BrandonJones et al 2004;Shekelle et al 1997); T. lariang (Merker and Groves 2006), southwest parts of central Sulawesi; T. pelengensis (Sody 1949), Peleng Island, and T. tarsier (Erxleben 1777), north Sulawesi, south and southeast peninsulas (BrandonJones et al 2004).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geographical Variation in Duet Songs of Sulawesi Tarsiers: Evidence for New Cryptic Species in South and Southeast Sulawesi

Burton

Nietsch

2010

Int J Primatol

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Geographic populations of Sulawesi tarsiers differ conspicuously in the acoustic structure of the loud duet calls produced by mated pairs. There is evidence that the differences in call features relate to species differentiation. Duet calls can thus be used as a tool to identify cryptic species and for their monitoring in the field. We recorded duets from various geographically isolated populations of Tarsius tarsier in south and southeast Sulawesi to survey the species identity of the tarsiers in these regions. We compared their calls with the duet calls of the Manado tarsier (= Tarsius spectrum), Tarsius dianae, and the Togian Island tarsier. In addition, we recorded and analyzed the duet call of the tarsier from Peleng Island, Tarsius pelengensis. Qualitative characteristics of duet songs of both sexes, analysis of frequency and temporal parameters, and multivariate statistics show 4 distinct vocal forms that predict the existence of 4 new species. These are found on Selayar Island, on the south mainland (Bantimurung), on the southeast mainland (Puwato), and on the Islands of Kabaena and Buton. Our analysis of the call of the Peleng tarsier revealed striking similarities with the call of Tarsius dianae. Further morphological analyses are needed to support the proposed new species in south and southeast Sulawesi and to clarify the taxonomic affinity between the central Sulawesi tarsier species Tarsius pelengensis and T. dianae.

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“…These faunivorous primates are endemic to the Malay and Philippine archipelago. Up to now researchers have described 9 species of Tarsius (BrandonJones et al 2004;Merker and Groves 2006;Shekelle et al 2008), with 7 of these occurring on Sulawesi and on some smaller isles in the vicinity of this fourth-largest Indonesian island. The recently described species Tarsius lariang (Merker and Groves 2006) is endemic in Central and West Sulawesi.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Social System of Lariang Tarsiers (Tarsius lariang) as Revealed by Genetic Analyses

Driller

Perwitasari-Farajallah

Zischler

et al. 2009

Int J Primatol

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Previous sociobiological studies of tarsiers were invariably based on field observations. Sulawesi tarsiers are known for monogamous or facultative polygynous social mating systems, but, to date, no data exist to describe the genetic mating system. We here bring together behavioral studies and molecular tools for the first time to elucidate mating behavior and kinship within a tarsier population. We investigated the social system of the recently described Tarsius lariang, which researchers have never studied before. Between September and November 2005, we conducted field observations and sampling in central Sulawesi, Indonesia, where this species is endemic. Ten of 11 social groups of the focal population were composed of 1 adult male, 1 adult female, and putative offspring. To enlighten genetic relationships, we used 12 microsatellite loci and mitochondrial DNA sequences of 26 captured and sampled Lariang tarsiers for parentage and relatedness analyses. A significant number of young were the offspring of the sampled group adults, suggesting a predominantly monogamous social and genetic mating system. There is evidence for extrapair young in groups in which adult pairs exhibit close relationships, leading to the assumption that extrapair mating is solicited to avoid inbreeding. Ten of 11 social groups lived in monogamous social systems, indicating monogamy to be the rule in Tarsius lariang.

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Tarsius tumpara: A New Tarsier Species from Siau Island, North Sulawesi

Cited by 34 publications

References 12 publications

Capacities in Facing Natural Hazards: A Small Island Perspective

Capacities in Facing Natural Hazards: A Small Island Perspective

Geographical Variation in Duet Songs of Sulawesi Tarsiers: Evidence for New Cryptic Species in South and Southeast Sulawesi

The Social System of Lariang Tarsiers (Tarsius lariang) as Revealed by Genetic Analyses

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