<i>Strongyloides stercoralis</i>and cytomegalovirus coinfection in a patient with a transplanted kidney

Fallahzadeh, Mohammad Amin; Rico, Nina T.; Vahhab, Elham; Huang, Haiyu; Elhamahmi, Dina Abdelwahab; Sandkovsky, Uriel

doi:10.1080/08998280.2021.1997262

Cited by 3 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…There were 15 reports of S. stercoralis among HCT. 45,[79][80][81][82][83][84][85][86][87][88][89][90][91][92] Overall, published studies originated predominantly from the US (n = 43) 8,14,[16][17][18]20,22,24,28,[34][35][36][37][38][39]44,46,48,[51][52][53][54]56,58,61,[63][64][65]69,70,72,73,75,77,79,81,84,…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A total of 72 studies 3,8–78 reported 91 SOT recipients, with 92 allografts and 93 episodes of S. stercoralis infection after SOT. There were 15 reports of S. stercoralis among HCT 45,79–92 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There were 15 reports of S. stercoralis among HCT 45,79–92 . Overall, published studies originated predominantly from the US ( n = 43) 8,14,16–18,20,22,24,28,34–39,44,46,48,51–54,56,58,61,63–65,69,70,72,73,75 , 77,79,81,84,85,88–90,92 and Europe ( n = 18), 15,19,23,26,30,31,33,45,50,55,57,62,67 , 74,82,83,87,91 followed by the Asia‐Pacific region ( n = 15), 3,9–11 , 25,40–43,49,60,68,76,78,86 South America ( n = 9) 12,13,21,27,29,32,59,71,80 and Africa ( n = 1) 47…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of strongyloidiasis cases (70/93, [75.3%]) were reported among kidney transplant (KT) recipients (68/91[74.7%]), 9,10,12,13 , 15,17,18,21–23,25–30,35–43,45–47,49,51–54,56,57,59–64,66–70,72–78 of whom one underwent re‐transplantation (i.e., second kidney allograft) complicated by two additional infection episodes 30 . There were fewer reported cases of strongyloidiasis among liver ( n = 7[7.5%]), 3,8,11,20,33,44,71 heart/heart‐kidney ( n = 7, [7.5%]), 19,24,33,34,48,65,77 and kidney‐pancreas (KP) transplant ( n = 6[6.4%]) recipients 31,32,50,55,77 .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The majority of strongyloidiasis cases (70/93, [75.3%]) were reported among kidney transplant (KT) recipients (68/91[74.7%]), 9,10,12,13,15,17,18,[21][22][23][25][26][27][28][29][30][35][36][37][38][39][40][41][42][43][45][46][47]49,[51][52][53][54]56,57,[59][60][61][62][63][64][66][67][68][69][70][72][73][74][75][76][77]…”

Section: Solid Organ Transplant Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

A comprehensive review of Strongyloides stercoralis infection after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Abad

Bhaimia

Schuetz

et al. 2022

Clinical Transplantation

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Background:We reviewed the scientific literature to gain insight on the epidemiology and outcome of Strongyloides stercoralis infections after transplantation. Methods: CINAHL, PUBMED, and OVID/MEDLINE were reviewed from inception through March 31, 2022 using key words Strongyloides and transplantation. Results: Our review identified 108 episodes of Strongyloides infection among 91 solid organ transplant (SOT) and 15 hematopoietic cell transplant (HCT) recipients. Median time to infection was 10.8 (range, .14-417) and 8.8 (range, 0-208) weeks after SOT and HCT, respectively. Gastrointestinal symptoms were frequent (86/108 [79.6%]), while skin rash (22/108 [20.3%]) and fever (31/103 [30%]) were less common. Peripheral eosinophilia was observed in half of patients (41/77 [53.2%]). Bacteremia (31/59 [52.5%]) was frequently due to Gram-negative organisms (24/31 [77.4%]). Abnormal chest radiologic findings were reported in half (56/108 [51.9%]). The majority had hyperinfection syndrome (97/108 [89.8%]) while disseminated strongyloidiasis was less common (11/108 [10.2%]). Thirty-two cases were categorized as donorderived infection (DDI), with donors (23/24 [95.8%]) who had traveled to or lived in endemic areas. Median time to DDI was 8 weeks (range .5-34.3 weeks) after transplantation. Treatment consisted of ivermectin (n = 26), a benzimidazole (n = 27), or both drugs (n = 28). There was high all-cause mortality (48/107, 44.9%) and a high Strongyloides-attributable mortality (32/49, 65.3%).Conclusions: Strongyloidiasis should be strongly considered among recipients with epidemiologic risk factors for infection, even in the absence of eosinophilia or rash. A policy that provides guidance on pro-active screening is needed, to ensure preventive measures are provided to recipients at increased risk.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Solid Organ Transplant Recipientsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

A comprehensive review of Strongyloides stercoralis infection after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Abad

Bhaimia

Schuetz

et al. 2022

Clinical Transplantation

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Massive Airway Bleeding Caused by Pulmonary Strongyloidiasis in a Patient with a Transplanted Kidney

Zhu,

Zhang,

Fang

et al. 2024

IMCRJ

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Introduction We report a fatal case of massive airway bleeding caused by pulmonary strongyloidiasis in a patient with a transplanted kidney. Case Presentation A 47-year-old male, regularly taking immunosuppressants post-kidney transplant, visited our hospital with symptoms of abdominal bloating, nausea, and emesis persisting for three days. After hospitalization, he developed a cough, hemoptysis, and respiratory failure. Sputum analysis confirmed an infestation with Strongyloides stercoralis. Despite receiving albendazole therapy and bronchoscopic management for bronchial hemorrhage, the patient ultimately died due to acute respiratory and circulatory collapse triggered by severe airway bleeding. Conclusion Patients undergoing immunosuppressive therapy following kidney transplantation are at increased risk for disseminated strongyloidiasis. Consequently, infectious disease screening prior to transplantation, along with essential preventive pharmacotherapy, is of paramount importance.

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Overlapping Infection by Strongyloides spp. and Cytomegalovirus in the Immunocompromised Host: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

et al. 2023

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Strongyloides and cytomegalovirus co-infections are rarely reported, even though they are distinguished by high morbidity and mortality, especially in immunocompromised hosts. We narratively reviewed the literature on reported cases of Strongyloides and CMV co-infections in immunosuppressed patients. Most cases occurred in males with a median age of 47 (IQR, 37–59). Strongyloides/CMV co-infections occurred among immunocompromised hosts, especially in solid organ transplants and hematological or rheumatological diseases. Most of the patients underwent a course of steroid treatment before the diagnosis of co-infections. Other common immunomodulatory agents were tacrolimus and mycophenolate. The first clinical manifestations of co-infections were mainly gastrointestinal, followed by respiratory symptoms. CMV was, in most patients, co-infected with an isolated reactivation, although Strongyloides manifested especially as hyperinfection syndrome. Ganciclovir and ivermectin are the mainstays of CMV and Strongyloides treatment. However, the treatment mortality reported in this narrative review is around 52.4%. Interestingly secondary bacterial infections are common in CMV/Strongyloides-infected patients.

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Strongyloides stercoralisand cytomegalovirus coinfection in a patient with a transplanted kidney

Cited by 3 publications

References 20 publications

A comprehensive review of Strongyloides stercoralis infection after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

A comprehensive review of Strongyloides stercoralis infection after solid organ and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Massive Airway Bleeding Caused by Pulmonary Strongyloidiasis in a Patient with a Transplanted Kidney

Overlapping Infection by Strongyloides spp. and Cytomegalovirus in the Immunocompromised Host: A Comprehensive Review of the Literature

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