<i>Strongyloides stercolaris</i>infection mimicking a malignant tumour in a non-immunocompromised patient. Diagnosis by bronchoalveolar cytology

Mayayo, Emilio; Gómez-Aracil, Virginia; Azúa-Blanco, J; Azúa-Romeo, J.; Capilla, Javier; Mayayo, R

doi:10.1136/jcp.2004.017756

Cited by 29 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…An apparently immunocompetent patient developed hyper infection and died two days after having started therapy with thiabendazole [149]. Unfortunately autopsy was denied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

et al. 2013

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BackgroundStrongyloidiasis is commonly a clinically unapparent, chronic infection, but immuno suppressed subjects can develop fatal disease. We carried out a review of literature on hyperinfection syndrome (HS) and disseminated strongyloidiasis (DS), in order to describe the most challenging aspects of severe strongyloidiasis.MethodsWe conducted a structured search using PubMed to collect case reports and short case series on HS/DS published from 1991 to 2011. We restricted search to papers in English, Spanish, Italian and French. Case reports were classified as HS/DS according to given definitions.ResultsRecords screened were 821, and 311 were excluded through titles and abstract evaluation. Of 510 full-text articles assessed for eligibility, 213 were included in qualitative analysis. As some of them were short case series, eventually the number of cases analyzed was 244.Steroids represented the main trigger predisposing to HS and DS (67% cases): they were mostly administered to treat underlying conditions (e.g. lymphomas, rheumatic diseases). However, sometimes steroids were empirically prescribed to treat signs and symptoms caused by unsuspected/unrecognized strongyloidiasis. Diagnosis was obtained by microscopy examination in 100% cases, while serology was done in a few cases (6.5%). Only in 3/29 cases of solid organ/bone marrow transplantation there is mention of pre-transplant serological screening. Therapeutic regimens were different in terms of drugs selection and combination, administration route and duration. Similar fatality rate was observed between patients with DS (68.5%) and HS (60%).ConclusionsProper screening (which must include serology) is mandatory in high - risk patients, for instance candidates to immunosuppressive medications, currently or previously living in endemic countries. In some cases, presumptive treatment might be justified. Ivermectin is the gold standard for treatment, although the optimal dosage is not clearly defined in case of HS/DS.

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“…An apparently immunocompetent patient developed hyper infection and died two days after having started therapy with thiabendazole [149]. Unfortunately autopsy was denied.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

et al. 2013

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“…Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using filariform larval antigen may be employed for the diagnosis of strongyloidiasis [82 ]. Mayayo et al [83] described one patient with strongyloidiasis whose chest x-ray film showed pulmonary condensation that resembled a neoplastic lesion. In severe cases, chest radiography may reveal diffuse interstitial infiltrates, segmental or diffuse alveolar infiltrates, or pleural effusion [25 ,26,69,70].…”

Section: Strongyloidiasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Parasitic diseases of the respiratory tract

Kuzucu

2006

Current Opinion in Pulmonary Medicine

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“…Nodular pulmonary lesions caused by S. stercoralis have been rarely reported too, and in particular, there is no information on their frequency in asymptomatic patients. 10,11 They might derive from the migration of the larvae to the lungs, as suggested by Dogan and others, who found granulomas surrounding S. stercoralis larvae in the histological examination of lung biopsies performed in a patient. 10 We prescribed a chest X-ray for a general assessment of the patient, in absence of respiratory complaints.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Severe Anemia and Lung Nodule in an Immunocompetent Adopted Girl with Strongyloides stercoralis Infection

Buonfrate

Gobbi

Beltrame

et al. 2016

The American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. Strongyloides stercoralis is a soil-transmitted helminth widely diffused in tropical areas. Chronic infection is usually characterized by absent or mild symptoms, but immunocompromised subjects are at risk of developing a severe syndrome that can be fatal if not promptly treated. We report a case of S. stercoralis infection causing severe anemia (hemoglobin 4.9 g/dL) and a lung nodule in a 14-year-old girl of Ethiopian origin adopted by an Italian couple. Severe anemia due to strongyloidiasis has been rarely reported, and mostly in severely ill patients, whereas our patient was immunocompetent and in good general conditions. Also, lung nodules have been only occasionally described in absence of respiratory symptoms. We discuss the management of patients with these findings, and we suggest to update the screening of immigrants from countries endemic for strongyloidiasis, including serology.

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Strongyloides stercolarisinfection mimicking a malignant tumour in a non-immunocompromised patient. Diagnosis by bronchoalveolar cytology

Cited by 29 publications

References 15 publications

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

Severe strongyloidiasis: a systematic review of case reports

Parasitic diseases of the respiratory tract

Severe Anemia and Lung Nodule in an Immunocompetent Adopted Girl with Strongyloides stercoralis Infection

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