Stenotrophomonas and Lysobacter : ubiquitous plant‐associated gamma‐ proteobacteria of developing significance in applied microbiology

Abstract

Summary The exploration of new source materials and the use of alternative isolation and identification methods have led to rapid expansion in the knowledge of diversity; in Lysobacter, 11 new species having been described since 2005, and in Stenotrophomonas with six new species since 2000. The new species of Lysobacter, isolated by dilution and direct plating on standard media, differ in several key phenotypic properties from those obtained by enrichment on complex polysaccharides in the original description of the genus. Revision of the definition of the genus will be required. Both culture‐dependent and culture‐independent methods to assess community structure, in a variety of host and nonhost environments, have established that some species of Lysobacter are a dominant component of the microflora, where previously their presence had not been suspected. Culture‐independent studies have generally not added new information on the occurrence and distribution of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and other members of the genus, which are readily isolated on standard media from source materials. Lysobacter enzymogenes and Sten. maltophilia produce similar antibiotics and share some enzyme activities which, subject to safety considerations, may make them attractive candidates for use in biological control of plant diseases and of nematodes.

Diversity and functional characterization of bacterial endophytes dwelling in various rice (Oryza sativa L.) tissues, and their seed-borne dissemination into rhizosphere under gnotobiotic P-stress

“…Furthermore, these two Pseudomonas strains were genetically related to the insecticidal toxin-producing biocontrol strain Pseudomonas taiwanensis BCRC 17751 T Liu et al 2010). Many strains of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia have been identified to be plant-associated Hayward et al 2010), which substantiates our detection of Stenotrophomonas in the rice seed endosphere. Some Xanthomonas strains are responsible for bacterial blight and leaf streak diseases in rice (Swings et al 1990).…”

PGPR enhanced phytoremediation of petroleum contaminated soil and rhizosphere microbial community response

“…The genus Lysobacter dominated c-proteobacteria in this study and was favored by fertilizer and planting treatments. It has been reported to produce biosurfactant (Hayward et al, 2010) and reinforce the bioavailability of high lipophilic petroleum hydrocarbons and enhanced their degradation. Some other genera belong to b-proteobacteria, such as Hydrogenphaga, are also potential petroleum degraders.…”

Phytoremediation for improving the quality of effluents from a conventional tannery wastewater treatment plant

“…strain, both capable of using NPs as a sole carbon source, have been isolated from the rhizosphere of P. australis plant growing on NPs spiked sediments (Toyama et al 2011). In this context, it should be mentioned that many PGPRs result to belong to the Stenotrophomonas genus (Hayward et al 2010); however, to our knowledge, this is the first report describing a PGPR, belonging to the Stenotrophomonas genus, that is also capable of using NPs as a sole carbon source and might be directly involved in its depletion from environmental matrices.…”