Staphylococcus pseudintermediusHuman Infection Cases in Spain: Dog-to-Human Transmission

Abstract

Staphylococcus pseudintermedius is an opportunistic pathogen that has been identified as infectious agent or colonizer mainly in dogs. S. pseudintermedius has been also detected in humans and more specifically in people in contact with dogs. In this study, the possible S. pseudintermedius pet-to-human transmission was analyzed in four clinical human cases. Two patients were dog owners and S. pseudintermedius was also detected as colonizer in these healthy animals. S. pseudintermedius isolates from patients and dogs of the same household showed identical pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, sequence types (STs), and antimicrobial resistance phenotypes and genotypes, and were methicillin susceptible. Resistance to erythromycin, clindamycin, tetracycline, trimetoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and/or ciprofloxacin was identified among S. pseudintermedius strains. The lineages ST241 and the new ST521 were detected in the strains of the two dog-owner patients, respectively. The strains from the other two patients presented two new STs, ST719 and ST720. To our knowledge, this is the first description of human infections caused by S. pseudintermedius in Spain.

Underrated Staphylococcus species and their role in antimicrobial resistance spreading

“…S. felis, for example, is typically isolated from feline, either healthy or presenting signs of lower urinary tract disease, otitis externa, and ocular disease (Rossi et al, 2017b;Worthing et al, 2018); S. pseudintermedius is prevalent in domestic dogs, healthy or related to diseases like pyoderma and otitis externa (Ruscher et al, 2009;Rossi et al, 2018); S. caprae is involved with intramammary infections in dairy goats (Moroni et al, 2005), among others. Regardless of their source, infections caused by unusual human pathogens are sporadically reported (Morfin-Otero et al, 2012;Novakova et al, 2006a,b), with special emphasis on those caused by S. pseudintermedius, with most cases indicating the contact of domestic dogs with their owners as the probable source of infection (Van Hoovels et al, 2006;Riegel et al, 2011;Lozano et al, 2017). Given their great adaptability to unfavorable conditions (Uribe-Alvarez et al, 2016;Rossi et al, 2017c), staphylococci isolated from the surrounding environment are also responsible for human acquisition of relevant pathogens, including MRSA (Hardy et al, 2006;Sexton et al, 2006).…”

Antimicrobial activity of thyme oil, oregano oil, thymol and carvacrol against sensitive and resistant microbial isolates from dogs with otitis externa

“…However, these treatments have increasingly been ineffective in recent years due to emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistant bacteria such as meticillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) and multidrug‐resistant (MDR, resistance to at least three antimicrobial classes) Pseudomonas aeruginosa . These resistant pathogens could be a potential public health concern because there are cases reporting the transmission of MRSP from dogs to humans, and transmission of MDR P. aeruginosa in the human–dog–environment interface, possibly due to the high degree of genome similarity among the isolates . The potential for bilateral transmission indicates that canine otitis externa can become a significant public health concern.…”

Antimicrobial effects of cinnamon essential oil and cinnamaldehyde combined with EDTA against canine otitis externa pathogens

“…Previous studies have reported the transmission of methicillin‐resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) from dogs to humans (Lozano et al . ) and the transmission of NDM‐5 ST167 Escherichia coli , CTX‐M‐9 ST69 E. coli and multidrug‐resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MDRPA) at the human–dog–environment interface (Fernandes et al . ; Grönthal et al .…”

“…The World Health Organization (WHO) reported AMR in animals as a major source of emergent AMR in humans due to the opportunity for frequent exchange of zooanthroponotic pathogens between humans and animals, particularly in household settings (WHO 1997;McDaniel et al 2014). Previous studies have reported the transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius (MRSP) from dogs to humans (Lozano et al 2017) and…”