Single nucleotide polymorphisms found in the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis (Gigartinales): new markers for population and conservation genetic analyses

Abstract

Expressed sequence tag (EST) libraries were generated from two populations of the red alga Furcellaria lumbricalis (Hudson) Lamouroux originating from different environmental conditions (the Atlantic Ocean and the brackish Baltic Sea), compared with each other and used to guide the design of single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers. The species is endemic to the northern Atlantic, while in the low‐salinity conditions of the Baltic Sea it occurs at the margin of its distribution and is presently threatened by eutrophication.Primers were developed for 13 transcribed regions, five of which were found to be variable at population level, containing a total of 20 SNP sites, which were then utilized in population genetic analyses on F. lumbricalis originating from different geographical locations and salinity conditions in northern and western Europe, and the results were compared with previous data of putatively neutral and adaptive (EST‐derived) microsatellites.Although no conclusive evidence of selection was detected in neutrality tests, the level of genetic differentiation based on SNP variation (FST = 0.522; but 0.398 and 0.095 for EST‐derived and putatively neutral microsatellites, respectively) is so great that the role of selection is evident. The Bayesian structure analysis supported the view of great differentiation between marine and brackish populations.Although the new primers were designed for F. lumbricalis, the same gene regions may have utility in population genetic and phylogenetic studies across red algal species. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Baltic Sea genetic biodiversity: Current knowledge relating to conservation management

“…In 20 of the 47 studies with a management or conservation angle, specific advice for the species concerned is not given; rather, the authors generalize their findings within a larger conservation perspective, e.g. by stressing the importance of incorporating genetic data in management (Limborg et al, ; Olsson & Korpelainen, ). For non‐threatened species without a commercial interest, methods and study approaches can be extended to other species that are in greater need of management.…”

Identification and validation of single nucleotide polymorphisms as tools to detect hybridization and population structure in freshwater stingrays

“…Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers are very useful for examining genetic diversity, population differentiation, hybridization, conservation and the impact of biological invasions (Van Bers et al 2012;Olsson & Korpelainen 2013).…”

Comparison of the effectiveness of ISJ and SSR markers and detection of outlier loci in conservation genetics ofPulsatilla patenspopulations

“…Various categories of genetic markers are used for this purpose: allozymes (Krzakowa & Michalak, 2007; López-Pujol, Zhang & Ge, 2008; Trapnell, Hamrick & Negrón-Ortiz, 2012; Dostálek, Münzbergová & Plačková, 2014), amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers (Jian et al, 2010; Cires, Cuesta & Fernández Prieto, 2013; Wróblewska, 2013), random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers (Wróblewska et al, 2003; Hensen, Oberprieler & Wesche, 2005; Hensen et al, 2010), restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers (Schlögl, Souza & Nodari, 2007; Jadwiszczak et al, 2012; Jian & Zhu, 2013), inter simple sequence repeats (ISSR) markers (Buczkowska et al, 2010; Cires, Cuesta & Fernández Prieto, 2013; Gaafar, Al-Qurainy & Khan, 2014; Lopes et al, 2014) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) markers (Bradley et al, 2013; Cipollini et al, 2013; Olsson & Korpelainen, 2013). These markers enable estimation of important genetic variation parameters (allelic richness, heterozygosity H , fixation index F is , pairwise F ST ).…”