“…The requirements for selection were that they had a strong collaboration with the Yogyakarta Provincial Government for more than 3 years; NGOs that are registered with the National Unity, Politics, and Community Protection Agency in Yogyakarta; level of operation (local, regional, and national); and the programs carried out by these NGOs that have contributed to increased community participation and improved services in the fields of education, health, human rights, and the economy. Based on previous studies (Ahmed et al., 2019; Barr et al., 2004; Dellmuth & Tallberg, 2017; Gisaor, 2021; Ii & Edet, 2012; Wut et al., 2022), we chose five NGOs: the Indonesian Family Planning Association (PKBI), which is concerned with the safety of mothers and children; the Election Aware Independent Committee (KISP), which raises awareness and concern among the younger generation and society about elections; SAPDA (Sentra Advocacy of Women with Disabilities and Children) in carrying out its program to realize justice, freedom, welfare, and equality to fulfill and protect the rights of women, persons with disabilities, and children in an inclusive society based on equal human rights; Satunama, an NGO engaged in community empowerment through mentoring, advocacy, and training; and The Griya Sapu Lidi Garbage Bank in waste management. Face‐to‐face interviews with individuals chosen from each NGO were used to collect data from January 4 to January 10, 2023.…”