Streptobacillus

Abstract

Strep.to.ba.cil'lus. Gr.adj. streptos twisted, curved; L. masc. n. bacillus a small rod; N.L. masc. n. Streptobacillus a twisted or curved small rod. Fusobacteria / Fusobacteriia / Fusobacteriales / Leptotrichiaceae / Streptobacillus Rods with rounded or pointed ends. Occurs singly or form long, wavy chains . Non‐spore‐forming. Nonmotile. Gram‐stain‐negative. Conversion to l ‐phase or transitional‐phase variant may occur spontaneously during cultivation. Capable of growing anaerobically or aerobically. Ferments glucose to produce acid but not gas . Optimum temperature 35–37°C. Catalase and oxidase negative. Indole not produced. Nitrate not reduced to nitrite. Requires serum, ascitic fluid, or blood for growth. Isolated from the nasopharynx of wild and laboratory rats and from the throat of humans ( Streptobacillus hongkongensis ). Streptobacillus moniliformis causes rat‐bite fever in man . DNA G + C content (mol%) : 25.8–28.9 [derived from genomic data (dfgd)]. Type species : Streptobacillus moniliformis Levaditi, Nicolau and Poincloux 1925, 1188 AL .

Streptobacillus felis, a member of the oropharynx microbiota of the Felidae, isolated from a tropical rusty-spotted cat

“…MALDI-TOF MS spectra of strain LHL191014123 show the m/z signals typical of Streptobacillus genus at 3,631.2 ± 3.6, 7,262.0 ± 7.3, and 7,392.0 ± 7.4 (data not shown, Eisenberg et al 2018 ). Nevertheless, the strain LHL191014123 had score values lower than 1.5 with the used commercial Bruker database version and was, therefore, not identified.…”

“…Mass spectrometry procedure has been recently described in detail (Eisenberg et al 2018 , 2020b ). The commercial database used (DB 8,468; BrukerDaltonics) comprised 24 spectra each from 10 S. moniliformis strains.…”

“…moniliformis ( Leptotrichiaceae, Fusobacteriales ) has been the longstanding unique species in this genus (Levaditi et al 1925 ). This bacterium represents the most important causative microorganism of rat bite fever (RBF) and its food-borne variant, Haverhill fever (Eisenberg et al 2018 ). RBF is typically characterized by a triad of fever, arthritis and a maculopapular, petechial or pustular rash, but severe causes of infection may include life-threatening sequelae (Eisenberg 2017 ; Eisenberg et al 2017a ; Gaastra et al 2009 ).…”

Proposal to reclassify Streptobacillus hongkongensis into a novel genus as Pseudostreptobacillus hongkongensis gen. nov., comb. nov.

“…The genus Streptobacillus comprises five species, which form a monophyletic clade within the Leptotrichiaceae based on the phylogenetic analysis of nearly full-length 16S rRNA gene sequences. Four species, Streptobacillus moniliformis, Streptobacillus felis , Streptobacillus notomytis, and Streptobacillus ratti [1–4] form a distinct subcluster due to the high pairwise 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities among them, ranging from 97.5 to 98.6 % [5]. Based on calculations obtained by mega 5 [6], these values were recently reported to be even slightly higher [3], but this was due to inappropriate calculations with a set of few larger sequences.…”

“…ratti shared ANI values between 84.9 to 90.8% but ANI values of only 81.3 to 81.7 % with the type strain of S. hongkongensis [5].…”