R uthenibacterium

Abstract

Ru.the.ni.bac.te'ri.um. M.L. fem. n. Ruthenia medieval Latin name of Russia; Gr. dim. n. bakterion a small rod; N.L. neut. n. Ruthenibacterium a rod‐shaped bacterium isolated in Russia. Firmicutes / Clostridia / Clostridiales / Ruminococcaceae / Ruthenibacterium Ruthenibacterium is a genus in the phylum Firmicutes , class Clostridia , order Clostridiales , and family Ruminococcaceae . Currently comprises a single species – Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans . Members of the genus are Gram‐negative staining, rod‐shaped, strictly anaerobic, and mesophilic bacteria with chemoorganoheterotrophic fermentative type of metabolism. Bacteria are commonly found in the human gastrointestinal tract. Cells are 1.6 ± 0.3 × 0.4 ± 0.1 µm in size, nonmotile, and non‐spore‐forming, occurring singly and in pairs. Colonies are nonhemolytic, colorless, circular, flat, and dry, with entire margins and rough surface. Strains can ferment a range of carbohydrates, producing d ‐lactic and succinic acids. Cells are auxotrophic and require complex media for optimal growth. The main cellular fatty acids are C 18 :1 ω9, C 18 :1 ω9a, C 16 :0 , and C 16 :1 ω7‐cis. DNA G + C content (mol%) : 56.5–56.6 (draft genome sequencing). Type species : Ruthenibacterium lactatiformans Shkoporov, Chaplin, Shcherbakova, Suzina, Kafarskaia, Bozhenko and Efimov 2016, 3048 VP .