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            Genes and Insect Adaptive Evolution

Coolon, Joseph D.; Drum, Zachary; Lanno, Stephen M.; Smith, Chris R.

doi:10.1002/9780470015902.a0028763

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 75 publications

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“…In response to HA, neither D. sechellia nor D. melanogaster significantly alter the expression of any Osiris genes, but D. simulans downregulates the expression of Osi6, Osi7 , and Osi15 (Supplementary Table S2). The cellular and physiological function of these genes is unknown, so understanding what these genes are doing and how they may be helping to shape the interactions between these insects and their toxic hosts will be useful to better understand how these interactions evolve ( Coolon et al 2019 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics analysis of hexanoic acid exposure in Drosophila species

Drum

Lanno

Gregory

et al. 2021

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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Drosophila sechellia is a dietary specialist endemic to the Seychelles islands that has evolved to consume the fruit of Morinda citrifolia. When ripe, the fruit of M. citrifolia contains octanoic acid and hexanoic acid, two medium-chain fatty acid volatiles that deter and are toxic to generalist insects. Drosophila sechellia has evolved resistance to these volatiles allowing it to feed almost exclusively on this host plant. The genetic basis of octanoic acid resistance has been the focus of multiple recent studies, but the mechanisms that govern hexanoic acid resistance in D. sechellia remain unknown. To understand how D. sechellia has evolved to specialize on M. citrifolia fruit and avoid the toxic effects of hexanoic acid, we exposed adult D. sechellia, D. melanogaster and D. simulans to hexanoic acid and performed RNA sequencing comparing their transcriptional responses to identify D. sechellia specific responses. Our analysis identified many more genes responding transcriptionally to hexanoic acid in the susceptible generalist species than in the specialist D. sechellia. Interrogation of the sets of differentially expressed genes showed that generalists regulated the expression of many genes involved in metabolism and detoxification whereas the specialist primarily downregulated genes involved in the innate immunity. Using these data, we have identified interesting candidate genes that may be critically important in aspects of adaptation to their food source that contains high concentrations of HA. Understanding how gene expression evolves during dietary specialization is crucial for our understanding of how ecological communities are built and how evolution shapes trophic interactions.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics analysis of hexanoic acid exposure in Drosophila species

Drum

Lanno

Gregory

et al. 2021

G3 Genes|Genomes|Genetics

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show abstract

“…In response to HA, neither D. sechellia nor D. melanogaster significantly alter the expression of any Osiris genes, but D. simulans downregulates the expression of Osi6, Osi7 , and Osi15 ( Table S2 ). The cellular and physiological function of these genes is unknown, so understanding what these genes are doing and how they may be helping to shape the interactions between these insects and their toxic hosts may be useful to understand how these interactions evolve (Coolon et al . 2019).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomics analysis of hexanoic acid exposure in Drosophila species

Coolon

Drum²,

Lanno³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Drosophila sechellia is a dietary specialist endemic to the Seychelles islands that has evolved to consume the fruit of Morinda citrifolia. When ripe, the fruit of M. citrifolia contains octanoic acid and hexanoic acid, two medium chain fatty acid volatiles that deter and are toxic to generalist insects. D. sechellia has evolved resistance to these volatiles allowing it to feed almost exclusively on this host plant. The genetic basis of octanoic acid resistance has been the focus of multiple recent studies, but the mechanisms that govern hexanoic acid resistance in D. sechellia remain unknown. To understand how D. sechellia has evolved to specialize on M. citrifolia fruit and avoid the toxic effects of hexanoic acid, we exposed adult D. sechellia, D. melanogaster and D. simulans to hexanoic acid and performed RNA sequencing comparing their transcriptional responses to identify D. sechellia specific responses. Our analysis identified many more genes responding transcriptionally to hexanoic acid in the susceptible generalist species than in the specialist D. sechellia. Interrogation of the sets of differentially expressed genes showed that generalists regulated the expression of many genes involved in metabolism and detoxification whereas the specialist primarily downregulated genes involved in the innate immunity. Using these data we have identified interesting candidate genes that may be critically important in aspects of adaptation to their food source that contains high concentrations of HA. Understanding how gene expression evolves during dietary specialization is crucial for our understanding of how ecological communities are built and how evolution shapes trophic interactions.

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“…Finally, this work evokes questions at a broader scale that remain to be examined. (Coolon et al 2019)? Perhaps we may also focus on approaches other than those that are simply based on sequence and examine protein structures.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Lastly, I examine whether toxin resistance can be mediated by a novel gene family (i.e. the Osiris genes) (Coolon et al 2019). By using RNAi to knock down the expression of Osiris genes discovered through functional genetics and genomics approaches, I ask if resistance to both natural and commercial insecticides can be altered by Osiris genes.…”

Section: S + O2 + Nadph + H + à S[o] + H2o + Nadp +mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Chapter 8: Osiris Genes and Insect Adaptive Evolution (Coolon et al 2019) S.M.L. wrote the abstract, the section titled "Adaptive Function of Osiris genes in Other Species/Contexts", performed a literature review and generated Table 1, contributed to the Introduction and Future Directions and Conclusions, edited all parts of the final manuscript, and was responsible for maintaining all in-text citations and references.…”

Section: Author Contributionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Genetic Basis Of Evolved Toxin Resistance In Insects

Lanno¹

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Table of ContentsThe genetic basis of adaptation and evolution of toxin resistance in insects Chapter 1: Introduction Testing known detoxification gene families Chapter 2: Analysis of cytochrome P450 contribution to evolved plant toxin resistance in Drosophila sechellia (Peyser et al. 2017) Chapter 3: Derived esterase activity in Drosophila sechellia contributes to evolved octanoic acid resistance (Lanno & Coolon 2019) Identifying candidate resistance genes using genomics Chapter 4: Genomics analysis of L-DOPA exposure in Drosophila sechellia (Lanno et al. 2019) Chapter 5: Transcriptomic analysis of octanoic acid response in Drosophila sechellia using RNA-sequencing (Lanno et al. 2017) Functional testing of candidate resistance genes Chapter 6: Genetic basis of octanoic acid resistance in Drosophila sechellia: functional analysis of a fine-mapped region (Andrade-Lopez et al. 2017) Chapter 7: Investigating the role of Osiris genes in Drosophila sechellia larval resistance to a host plant toxin

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O siris Genes and Insect Adaptive Evolution

Cited by 4 publications

References 75 publications

Genomics analysis of hexanoic acid exposure in Drosophila species

Genomics analysis of hexanoic acid exposure in Drosophila species

Genomics analysis of hexanoic acid exposure in Drosophila species

The Genetic Basis Of Evolved Toxin Resistance In Insects

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