<i>Sarcocystis stenodactylicolubris</i>n. sp., a new sarcosporidian coccidium with a snake-gecko heteroxenous life cycle

Modrý, David; Koudela, Břetislav; Šlapeta, Jan

doi:10.1051/parasite/2000073201

Cited by 10 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…This is in agreement with many reports on reptiles (Abdel-Ghaffar et al 1990, 1994, 2009). However, reports on mammals are usually in contradiction to the presented results herein (Sakran 2000;Modry et al 2000, Al-Hoot et al 2005Elsheikha et al 2006).…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

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Sarcocystis acanthocolubri sp. n. infecting three lizard species of the genus Acanthodactylus and the problem of host specificity. Light and electron microscopic study

et al. 2011

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In the present investigation, macroscopic sarcocysts of Sarcocystis acanthocolubri were observed in muscles of 42 (4.3%) out of 975 Acanthodactylus sp. lizards collected from different geographical areas in Egypt. The infection rate was 6.4% in Acanthodactylus boskianus, 2.1% in Acanthodactylus sculentus, and 5% in Acanthodactylus paradalis. The highest infection rate was recorded in the lizards captured from Baltem (10% in A. boskianus and 8% in A. paradalis). The infection rate was usually higher in females (7.4%) than in males (3.8%). Moreover, the highest infection rate was recorded in summer (7.53%), autumn (3.57%), and spring (3.11%), and the lowest was recorded in winter (0.91%). Also, old animals had higher infection rates (10.8%) than young ones (0-2.7%). Macrocysts measured 0.95 × 10.12 mm. Both macroscopic and microscopic sarcocysts were enclosed only by a primary cyst wall, which had many finger-like, stalkless, and non-branched protrusions giving it a striated appearance. The primary cyst wall measured 3.9 μm. A dark granulated ground substance was found directly underneath the protrusions and is extended interiorly dividing the cyst cavity into many compartments containing the parasites (metrocytes and merozoites). Metrocytes were found directly under the ground substance and usually multiply asexually by endodyogeny producing two merozoites from each metrocyte. Both metrocytes and merozoites had the apical complex structures characteristic to the genus Sarcocystis. Transmission experiments with three snake species indicated that the snake Spalerosophis diadema is the proper final host belonging to the family Colubridae. The prepatent period was 16 days, while the patent period was 35 days. The results obtained from the present investigation revealed that this is a new species which was named Sarcocystis acanthocolubri.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 78%

“…Thus, the comparison of species differences should be made only from mature cysts (Bashtar et al 1988;Abdel-Ghaffar et al 1990, 1994, 2009Paperna and Finkelman 1996;Modry et al 2000;Mehlhorn, 2008).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Sarcocystis acanthocolubri sp. n. infecting three lizard species of the genus Acanthodactylus and the problem of host specificity. Light and electron microscopic study

et al. 2011

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“…eothenomysi ( Hu et al, 2014 ), cystozoites of the Sarcocystis sp. infecting Bornean treeshrews are markedly smaller: similar in size to species with a snake-lizard life cycle, where cystozoites are between 4 and 7 μm long ( Matuschka, 1981 ; Abdel-Ghaffar et al, 1990 ; Modry et al, 2000 ; Morsy et al, 2012 ). Biologically, the full life cycle of the new species remains unknown, since we could not identify a definitive host.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Description of Sarcocystis scandentiborneensis sp. nov. from treeshrews (Tupaia minor, T. tana) in northern Borneo with annotations on the utility of COI and 18S rDNA sequences for species delineation

Pérez

Wibbelt

Brinkmann

et al. 2020

International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife

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Sarcocystis scandentiborneensis sp. nov. was discovered in histological sections of striated musculature of treeshrews ( Tupaia minor , T . tana ) from Northern Borneo. Sarcocysts were cigar-shaped, 102 μm–545 μm long, and on average 53 μm in diameter. The striated cyst wall varied in thickness (2–10 μm), depending on whether the finger-like, villous protrusions (VP) were bent. Ultrastructurally, sarcocysts were similar to wall type 12 but basal microtubules extended into VPs that tapered off with a unique U-shaped, electron-dense apical structure. In phylogenetic trees of the nuclear 18S rRNA gene, S . scandentiborneensis formed a distinct branch within a monophyletic subclade of Sarcocystis spp. with (colubrid) snake-rodent life cycle. We mapped all intraspecific (two haplotypes) and interspecific nucleotide substitutions to the secondary structure of the 18S rRNA gene: in both cases, the highest variability occurred within helices V2 and V4 but intraspecific variability mostly related to transitions, while transition/transversion ratios between S . scandentiborneensis , S . zuoi , and S . clethrionomyelaphis were skewed towards transversions. Lack of relevant sequences restricted phylogenetic analysis of the mitochondrial Cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) gene to include only one species of Sarcocystis recovered from a snake host ( S. pantherophisi ) with which the new species formed a sister relationship. We confirm the presence of the functionally important elements of the COI barcode amino acid sequence of S . scandentiborneensis , whereby the frequency of functionally important amino acids (Alanine, Serine) was markedly different to other taxa of the Sarcocystidae. We regard S . scandentiborneensis a new species, highlighting that structurally or functionally important aspects of the 18S rRNA and COI could expand their utility for delineation of species. We also address the question why treeshrews, believed to be close to primates, carry a parasite that is genetically close to a Sarcocystis lineage preferably developing in the Rodentia as intermediate hosts.

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“…The finger-like protrusions of the primary cyst wall described in the present study may be similar to some other described species, but the knob-like projections that arise from the primary cyst wall in each protrusion are a clear distinctive feature. Comparison of species should only be made by using mature cysts (Abdel-Ghaffar et al 1990aPaperna and Finkelman 1996;Modry et al 2000;Melhorn 2008). Comparing the results obtained in the present study with the results of Entzeroth et al (1981), who also examined Sarcocystis cysts infecting camels, the architecture of the primary cyst wall and its protrusions are completely different.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Life cycle of Sarcocystis camelicanis infecting the camel (Camelus dromedarius) and the dog (Canis familiaris), light and electron microscopic study

et al. 2009

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In the present study, the heteroxeneous life cycle of Sarcocystis sp. infecting camels were studied. A total of 180 slaughtered camels collected from different localities in Egypt were investigated for sarcocysts. Only 116 animals were found to be infected (the infection rate was 64%). Muscle samples of esophagus, diaphragm, tongue, skeletal, and heart muscles were examined. Exclusively, microscopic sarcocysts were detected in all examined organs. The infection rates of the esophagus, diaphragm, tongue, skeletal, and heart muscles were 60%, 50%, 40%, 40%, and 10%, respectively. By means of transmission electron microscopy, details of the ultrastructure of the sarcocysts were studied. The specific architecture and ornaments of the cyst wall, its protrusions, and the cyst interior were recorded. Unique features of protrusions of the primary cyst wall, the knob-like structures, arise around each protrusion. Experimental infection of carnivores by feeding heavily infected camel muscles revealed that the dog, Canis familiaris, is the only final host of the present Sarcocystis species. Gamogony, sporogonic stages, and characteristics of sporulated oocysts were also investigated.

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Sarcocystis stenodactylicolubrisn. sp., a new sarcosporidian coccidium with a snake-gecko heteroxenous life cycle

Cited by 10 publications

References 9 publications

Sarcocystis acanthocolubri sp. n. infecting three lizard species of the genus Acanthodactylus and the problem of host specificity. Light and electron microscopic study

Sarcocystis acanthocolubri sp. n. infecting three lizard species of the genus Acanthodactylus and the problem of host specificity. Light and electron microscopic study

Description of Sarcocystis scandentiborneensis sp. nov. from treeshrews (Tupaia minor, T. tana) in northern Borneo with annotations on the utility of COI and 18S rDNA sequences for species delineation

Life cycle of Sarcocystis camelicanis infecting the camel (Camelus dromedarius) and the dog (Canis familiaris), light and electron microscopic study

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