Salmonella saint-paul infection in two dairy herds

Abstract

An outbreak of salmonellosis due to Salmonella saint-paul in two dairy herds was first detected during routine examination of calves soon after calving; infection reached 100% amongst calves and up to 60% amongst milking cows. Excretion by cows continued for over 12 months and by calves for up to 18 months. The most important factor in controlling the spread of infection was reduction of environmental contamination by removal of carriers, prompt antibiotic treatment of sick calves and reduction in stocking densities.

Climate and On-Farm Risk Factors Associated with Giardia duodenalis Cysts in Storm Runoff from California Coastal Dairies

“…4b). The finding that cattle stocking number is a risk factor for G. duodenalis detection in storm runoff is consistent with the results of livestock infectious disease ecology studies in some cases (14,26) but not others (7,13). Interestingly, the water quality benefits associated with high-cattle-use areas containing 10 fewer head of cattle (e 0.025 ϫ Ϫ10 ϭ 0.78-fold reduction) were about the same as having an additional meter of vegetated buffer below these high-cattle-use locations (e Ϫ0.23 ϫ 1.0 ϭ 0.79-fold reduction).…”

Salmonella saint-paul infection in calves

“…When faecal swabs were taken from the other calves in this herd, and in herd 2, 5 days later, all 10 in herd 1, but none of the 18 in herd 2, were positive for S. saint-paul. At this time there was a lull in calvings in herd 2, but 5 weeks later, when calving frequency increased again, calves in herds 1 and 2 alike were found to have become infected within 72 h of birth (Jones et al 1983).…”

“…The spread of infection among adult cattle in this outbreak and measures taken to identify the source of infection are described elsewhere (Jones et al 1983). It was likely that calves were infected by their dams or other cowsin contact with them at and shortly after calving.…”

“…Nine of the 11 treated survivors excreted S. saint-paul for less than 5 weeks and all had ceased to do so by 8 weeks after treatment. Shedding by untreated control heifers lasted for no longer than 9 weeks (Jones et al 1983). DISCUSSION Because, in this Institute, calves were being examined routinely, S. saint-paul infection was diagnosed before its clinical consequences became apparent.…”

“…Taylor & Davies (1979) reported excretion of S. saint-paul for periods of 8 and 21 m, by two out of 23 adult cattle in a herd in Wales; they did not describe disease or infection in calves. An outbreak of S. saint-paul infection involving two of our Institute's herds occurred in 1980-1 (Jones et al 1983) and this paper describes the effects on calves and how these were modified by antibiotic treatment or by autogenous vaccination.…”