<i>Saccharomyces</i> spores are born prepolarized to outgrow away from spore–spore connections and penetrate the ascus wall

Heasley, Lydia R.; Singer, Emily; Cooperman, Benjamin; McMurray, Michael A.

doi:10.1002/yea.3540

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 53 publications

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“…Instead, the activity of the G protein β subunit, Ste4, is inhibited in a process termed receptor inhibition, blocking downstream signaling and thus inhibiting the ability of α-factor-bound Ste2 to initiate the mating response [11,[50][51][52]. When spores germinate they frequently avail themselves of a nearby mating partner and mate immediately following a short period of outgrowth of new cell wall [33,53]. In this context, receptor inhibition resulting from the presence of both pheromones and both receptors would disfavor mating and promote budding.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Transcriptional Control of Mating-Type Gene Expression during Gametogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

et al. 2021

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Gametogenesis in diploid cells of the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae produces four haploid meiotic products called spores. Spores are dormant until nutrients trigger germination, when they bud asexually or mate to return to the diploid state. Each sporulating diploid produces a mix of spores of two haploid mating types, a and α. In asexually dividing haploids, the mating types result from distinct, mutually exclusive gene expression programs responsible for production of mating pheromones and the receptors to sense them, all of which are silent in diploids. It was assumed that spores only transcribe haploid- and mating-type-specific genes upon germination. We find that dormant spores of each mating type harbor transcripts representing all these genes, with the exception of Mata1, which we found to be enriched in a spores. Mata1 transcripts, from a rare yeast gene with two introns, were mostly unspliced. If the retained introns reflect tethering to the MATa locus, this could provide a mechanism for biased inheritance. Translation of pheromones and receptors were repressed at least until germination. We find antisense transcripts to many mating genes that may be responsible. These findings add to the growing number of examples of post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression during gametogenesis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-Transcriptional Control of Mating-Type Gene Expression during Gametogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

et al. 2021

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“…Thus, the overall efficacy of sexual reproduction in this strain is greatly diminished. Additionally, the poor spore viability of YJM311 is likely to lower the potential of intra-ascus mating events following spore germination, a mechanism of diploidization known to result in rapid homozygosis of the genome 29,30 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genomic characterization of a pathogenic isolate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals an extensive and dynamic landscape of structural variation

Heasley

Argueso

2021

Preprint

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The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been extensively characterized for many decades and is a critical resource for the study of numerous facets of eukaryotic biology. Recently, the analysis of whole genome sequencing data from over 1000 natural isolates of S. cerevisiae has provided critical insights into the evolutionary landscape of this species by revealing a population structure comprised of numerous genomically diverse lineages. These survey-level analyses have been largely devoid of structural genomic information, mainly because short read sequencing is not suitable for detailed characterization of genomic architecture. Consequently, we still lack a complete perspective of the genomic variation the exists within the species. Single molecule long read sequencing technologies, such as Oxford Nanopore and PacBio, provide sequencing-based approaches with which to rigorously define the structure of a genome, and have empowered yeast geneticists to explore this poorly described realm of eukaryotic genomics. Here, we present the comprehensive genomic structural analysis of a pathogenic isolate of S. cerevisiae, YJM311. We used long read sequence analysis to construct a haplotype-phased, telomere-to-telomere length assembly of the YJM311 diploid genome and characterized the structural variations (SVs) therein. We discovered that the genome of YJM311 contains significant intragenomic structural variation, some of which imparts notable consequences to the genomic stability and developmental biology of the strain. Collectively, we outline a new methodology for creating accurate haplotype-phased genome assemblies and highlight how such genomic analyses can define the structural architectures of S. cerevisiae isolates. It is our hope that through continued structural characterization of S. cerevisiae genomes, such as we have reported here for YJM311, we will comprehensively advance our understanding of eukaryotic genome structure-function relationships, structural diversity, and evolution.

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“…In the BY4743 background, cells lacking SPR3 or SPR28 mislocalize Ady3, a component of the leading-edge protein complex (LEP; discussed below) found at the growing edge of the prospore membrane [99]. Interestingly, the septin Cdc10 appears to play a role after spore morphogenesis by marking polarization sites on the daughter spores, directing subsequent growth away from sister spores within the ascus [101,102].…”

Section: The Development Of the Prospore Membrane Involves Initiation...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Meiotic Cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Spores That Just Need Closure

Durant,

Mucelli,

Huang

2024

JoF

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In the budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, sporulation occurs during starvation of a diploid cell and results in the formation of four haploid spores forming within the mother cell ascus. Meiosis divides the genetic material that is encapsulated by the prospore membrane that grows to surround the haploid nuclei; this membrane will eventually become the plasma membrane of the haploid spore. Cellularization of the spores occurs when the prospore membrane closes to capture the haploid nucleus along with some cytoplasmic material from the mother cell, and thus, closure of the prospore membrane is the meiotic cytokinetic event. This cytokinetic event involves the removal of the leading-edge protein complex, a complex of proteins that localizes to the leading edge of the growing prospore membrane. The development and closure of the prospore membrane must be coordinated with other meiotic exit events such as spindle disassembly. Timing of the closure of the prospore membrane depends on the meiotic exit pathway, which utilizes Cdc15, a Hippo-like kinase, and Sps1, an STE20 family GCKIII kinase, acting in parallel to the E3 ligase Ama1-APC/C. This review describes the sporulation process and focuses on the development of the prospore membrane and the regulation of prospore membrane closure.

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Saccharomyces spores are born prepolarized to outgrow away from spore–spore connections and penetrate the ascus wall

Cited by 7 publications

References 53 publications

Post-Transcriptional Control of Mating-Type Gene Expression during Gametogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Post-Transcriptional Control of Mating-Type Gene Expression during Gametogenesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Genomic characterization of a pathogenic isolate of Saccharomyces cerevisiae reveals an extensive and dynamic landscape of structural variation

Meiotic Cytokinesis in Saccharomyces cerevisiae: Spores That Just Need Closure

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