Rhodopirellula

Abstract

Rho.do.pi.rel'lu.la. Gr. neut. n. rhodon a rose; N.L. fem. n. Pirellula name of a bacterial genus; N.L. fem. n. Rhodopirellula a red Pirellula . Planctomycetes / Planctomycetia / Planctomycetales / Planctomycetaceae / Rhodopirellula Cells are ovoid , ellipsoidal , or pear‐shaped , occurring singly or in rosettes by attachment at the smaller cell pole . Cells divide by budding . Buds are produced directly from the broader cell pole of the mother cell. Crateriform structures and fimbriae are found in the upper cell region . Cells have intracytoplasmic membranous structures . Gram‐stain‐variable. Buds may have a single flagellum inserted subpolarly at the proximal pole. Adult cells are immobile. Strictly aerobic. Colonies are pink to red in color . Mesophilic. Requires seawater for growth. Nonsporeforming. PHB is not stored. Chemoheterotrophic. Carbon and energy sources are mainly carbohydrates. C1‐compounds are not used. N ‐acetylglucosamine serves as carbon and nitrogen source. Catalase‐ and cytochrome oxidase‐positive. The proteinaceous cell wall lacks peptidoglycan . The major polyamines are putrescine, cadaverine, and sym ‐homospermidine. The major menaquinone is MK‐6 . The major fatty acids are C 16:1 ω7, C 16:0 , C 17:1 ω8, C 17:0 , C 18:1 ω7, C 18:1 ω9, and C 18:0 . The major phospholipids are phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylglycerol. DNA G + C content ( mol %): 53–57 (HPLC). Type species : Rhodopirellula baltica Schlesner, Rensmann, Tindall, Gade, Rabus, Pfeiffer and Hirsch 2004, 1577 VP .