Rhipicephalus(Boophilus)microplus: Rickettsiae infection in Brazil

Sato, Tayra Pereira; Moura-Martiniano, Nicole Oliveira; Vizzoni, Vinicius Figueiredo; Silva, Arannadia B.; Oliveira, Stefan Vilges de; Amorim, Marinete

doi:10.1080/01647954.2020.1720289

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…Such a scenario probably occurs in the coastal region and south of PR, where we found areas of forest close to the urban environment, and where A. ovale infected by R. parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest was detected [ Supplementary Table 3; Figure 13B, (34)]. Given the detection of R. microplus with this rickettsia in the western region of PR (20th HR-Toledo), this tick is potentially implicated in the SFR enzootic cycle and can be used to detect rickettsiae presence and circulation (36). A similar role could be developed for D. nitens, since larvae samples with Rickettsia sp.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…From the total samples of ticks (930), fleas (20) and mites (3), submitted to PCR, were detected fragments of: 1-gltA in 172 tick samples (A. aureolatum, A. dubitatum, Amblyomma longirostre, Of these samples, 91 were processed to investigate the species of rickettsia responsible for the infection in the ixodids, in which two haplotypes were identified, for the gltA gene, in Rickettsia bellii (hA in 70 samples and hB in 13) infecting Amblyomma sp. (larvae) and A. dubitatum (nymphs, females and males) in the municipalities of Andirá, Cambará, Itambaracá, Jacarezinho, Leópolis, Ribeirão Claro, Santa Mariana and Sertaneja; R. parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest infecting A. ovale (gltA, male) in the municipality of Paranaguá (34) and R. microplus (gltA, ompA; nymph) in Pato Bragado (36); Candidatus Rickettsia paranaensis (gltA, htrA, ompA and ompB) in three samples of nymphs from A. parkeri from the municipalities of Pinhais and Paulo Frontin (35); Rickettsia felis in A. sculptum (htrA, female) (33) and R. microplus (ompB, larvae) (36) in the municipalities of São Carlos do Ivaí and Sengés, respectively; and Rickettsia asembonensis infecting A. sculptum (htrA, male) in São Carlos do Ivaí (33) (Figure 8; Supplementary Table 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Additionally, it is possible to hypothesize that those SFR hospitalizations received correct treatment which thus prevented fatal outcomes. Lack of knowledge of such SFR epidemic scenarios is also not uncommon in other areas of the country (9,34,36,48,49,96), and is probably associated with the lack of adequate and timely investigations of patients and in the associated environment, that would allow the conditioning factors of each case to be characterized and defined.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiversity of Potential Vectors of Rickettsiae and Epidemiological Mosaic of Spotted Fever in the State of Paraná, Brazil

Durães

Bitencourth

Ramalho

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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Spotted Fever Rickettsioses (SFR) are diseases caused by bacteria of the genus Rickettsia, and are transmitted mainly by ticks. Its eco-epidemiological scenarios vary spatially, and may also vary over time due to environmental changes. It is the main disease transmitted by ticks to humans in Brazil, with the state of Paraná (PR) having the sixth highest number of notified incidences in the country. However, information is lacking regarding the SFR disease cycles at likely infection sites within PR. During case investigations or environmental surveillance in PR for SFR, 28,517 arthropods were collected, including species known or potentially involved in the SFR cycles, such as Amblyomma sculptum, Amblyomma aureolatum, Amblyomma ovale, Amblyomma dubitatum, Amblyomma parkeri, Ctenocephalides felis felis, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. From these Rickettsia asembonensis, Rickettsia bellii, Rickettsia felis, Rickettsia parkeri strain Atlantic Rainforest and Candidatus Rickettsia paranaensis were detected. Ectoparasite abundance was found to be related with specific hosts and collection environments. Rickettsiae circulation was observed for 48 municipalities, encompassing 16 Health Regions (HR). As for socio-demographic and assistance indicators, circulation occurred largely in the most urbanized HR, with a higher per capita Gross Domestic Product, lower Family Health Strategy coverage, and with a higher ratio of beds in the Unified Health System per thousand inhabitants. For environmental variables, circulation occurred predominantly in HR with a climatic classified as “subtropical with hot summers” (Cfa), and with forest type phytogeographic formations. In terms of land use, circulation was commonest in areas with agriculture, pasture and fields and forest cover. Rickettsiae were circulating in almost all hydrographic basins of PR state. The results of this study provide the first descriptive recognition of SFR in PR, as well as outlining its eco-epidemiological dynamics. These proved to be quite heterogeneous, and analyzed scenarios showed characteristics strongly-associated with the outbreaks, with cases presenting clinical variation in space, so illustrating the complexity of scenarios in PR state. Due to the diversity of the circumstances surrounding SFR infections in PR, public health initiatives are necessary to foster a better understanding of the dynamics and factors effecting vulnerability to SFR in this Brazilian state.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Biodiversity of Potential Vectors of Rickettsiae and Epidemiological Mosaic of Spotted Fever in the State of Paraná, Brazil

Durães

Bitencourth

Ramalho

et al. 2021

Front. Public Health

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“…However, knowledge of the epidemiology and dynamics of human infection remains insipient in the various PSIs across the country (2), complicating appropriate public health actions to inform the general population and control the disease. In addition, studies progressed, different species of Rickettsia spp./ Spotted Fever group, related to different species of ticks, have been detected in Brazil, whether or not they are linked to SF outbreaks (6,7,(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). This has demonstrated the great biodiversity of Rickettsiae and potential vectors, and highlighting the potential complexity of the mechanisms by which these microorganisms might circulate within the country, and the danger for the appearance of new outbreaks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spotted Fever in the Morphoclimatic Domains of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

et al. 2022

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In Brazil, the tick-borne rickettsiosis known as Spotted Fever (SF) has been recorded from 59% of the Federative Units, however, the knowledge of the epidemiology and dynamics of human infection remains incipient in certain areas, complicating appropriate public health actions to inform the general population and control the disease. Here, we improved the interpretation of epidemiological information of SF cases recorded for an important endemic area. A descriptive epidemiological study was carried out based on records in the SINAN (Notifiable Diseases Information System) SF case databases. Data analysis was performed using Python programming language, Pandas library and Qgis map making. To evaluate the sociodemographic, clinical, assistance, laboratory and epidemiological characteristics, simple and relative nominal values of occurrences, means and standard deviations, and molecular analyzes were performed to identify the bioagent present in biological samples collected during each case investigation. Of the 298 confirmed cases, 98 resulted in death, the number of cases increased from 2011, and the disease scenario had 32.8% lethality. Overall, 207 cases involved men, and lethality was higher in this group. The most affected age group was 30 to 59 years old. The majority of patients reported having had contact with animals such as ticks, capybara and domestic animals such as dogs and cats. The results corroborate existing studies in areas of severe SF cases in Brazil. Despite reports of SF cases from the Cerrado Biome, analyses show that serious cases occur in anthropized areas of the Atlantic Forest biome, and in a transition area between this and the Cerrado. Complex, longitudinal, multidisciplinary studies, with an eco-epidemiological focus, should be carried out to allow the construction of algorithms capable of predicting, in time and space, the risk factors associated with severe cases and deaths from SF, with the aim of avoiding their expansion.

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