Retracted: Long noncoding RNA MALAT1 promotes the stemness of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by enhancing YAP transcriptional activity

Abstract

The tumor promoting roles of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MALAT1 have been revealed in various cancers; however, its roles in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) have not previously been disclosed. In this study, we found that MALAT1 expression was remarkably increased in ESCC cells compared to normal human esophageal epithelial cells. In addition, knockdown of MALAT1 attenuated the stemness of ESCC cells, as evidenced by a decrease in spheroid formation capacity, stemness marker expression and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 activity. Moreover, MALAT1 knockdown decreased the migration ability of ESCC cells. Notably, knockdown of MALAT1 enhanced the radiosensitivity and chemosensitivity of ESCC cells. We also established that MALAT1 binds directly to Yes‐associated protein (YAP), thereby enhancing YAP protein expression and increasing YAP transcriptional activity. Overexpression of YAP partially rescued the effect of MALAT1 knockdown on stemness and radiosensitivity of ESCC cells. Overall, this study has identified that a novel MALAT1–YAP axis promotes the stemness of ESCC cells, and thus could be a potential target for treatment of ESCC.

Targeting the Epigenetic Non-Coding RNA MALAT1/Wnt Signaling Axis as a Therapeutic Approach to Suppress Stemness and Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma

“…Hepatic CSCs are a small sub-population of undifferentiated cancerous liver cells, implicated as drivers of cancer initiation, metastasis, resistance to therapy, and disease recurrence; these HCC-SCs pool is enriched for and isolated based on the cell functions attributable mainly to side population (SP), enhanced ALDH activity and auto-fluorescence, as well as immunophenotypes defined by the cell surface CD13, CD24, CD44, CD47, CD90, CD133, DLK1, EpCAM, or ICAM-1 proteins [26], therefore the our demonstrated ability of MALAT1 to modulate the expression of ALDH and CD133 with their associated stemness phenotypes is not only relevant in understanding the pathobiology of HCC, but also therapeutically significant. The present finding is consistent with a previous finding by our team indicating that MALAT1 overexpression with correlated aberration in KDM5B/hsa-miR-448 ratio promotes breast cancer aggressiveness and stemness [27], as well as with others indicating MALAT1 promotes stemness in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [28] and gastric cancer [29].…”

RNA Binding Protein RNPC1 Suppresses the Stemness of Human Endometrial Cancer Cells via Stabilizing MST1/2 mRNA

“…BCA Protein Quantification Kit (Tiangen, Beijing, China) was used to measure the protein concentration. Then the detailed procedure was performed following the protocols mentioned in the previous work [13]. The antibody information was listed as below: CD133 (cat # 66666-1-Ig, 1: 1000, Proteintech, Wuhan, China), CD44 (Cat # 15675-1-AP, 1: 1000, Proteintech), b-actin (Cat # 66009-1-Ig, 1: 1000, Proteintech), RNPC1 (Cat # ab200403, 1: 3000, Abcam, Cambridge, MA, USA), MST1 (Cat # ab232551, 1: 3000, Abcam), MST2 (Cat # ab23232, 1: 2000, Abcam), LATS1 (Cat # ab70561, 1: 3000, Abcam), LATS2 (Cat # ab110780, 1: 3000, Abcam), p-LATS1 (Cat # 9157S, 1: 1500, Cell Signaling Technology, Danvers, MA, USA) and p-LATS2 (Cat # RY-K4082, 1: 500, Shanghai Runyu, Shanghai, China).…”

The Long Non-Coding RNA MALAT1 Enhances Ovarian Cancer Cell Stemness by Inhibiting YAP Translocation from Nucleus to Cytoplasm

“…Recent works showed that lncRNAs are associated with YAP activity, such as lncRNA B4GALT1-AS1 [ 17 , 18 ], lncRNA TUG1 [ 19 ], and lncRNA THOR [ 20 ], in which YAP transcriptional activity is responsible for lncRNA-mediated regulation on cell stemness; these effects supporting the promoting role of YAP in tumor cell stemness [ 21 , 22 ]. Moreover, it is indicated that MALAT1 induces YAP activity contributing to the stemness-related traits of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma [ 23 ]. We wondered whether YAP is essential for MALAT1-induced effects on OC cell stemness.…”