<i>RAV-Like1</i>Maintains Brassinosteroid Homeostasis via the Coordinated Activation of<i>BRI1</i>and Biosynthetic Genes in Rice

Je, Byoung Il; Piao, Hai Long; Park, Soon Ju; Park, Sung Han; Kim, Chul Min; Xuan, Yuan; Park, Sang Hyoung; Huang, Jin; Choi, Yang Do; An, Gynheung; Wong, Hann Ling; Fujioka, Shozo; Kim, Min‐Chul; Shimamoto, Ko; Han, Chang‐deok

doi:10.1105/tpc.109.069575

Cited by 104 publications

(101 citation statements)

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“…We found that RAV6 expression is associated with extensive methylation of a MITE along with the nearby sequence in the 59 region of this gene. RAV6 encodes a B3 DNAbinding domain-containing protein that has the most sequence similarity to RAVL1, which can maintain BR homeostasis to control rice development (Je et al, 2010). Functional analysis revealed that RAV6 coordinately activates the BR receptor BRI1 and BR biosynthetic genes to control rice leaf angle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These observations indicate that RAV6 and RAVL1 may share similar functions. RAVL1 maintains BR homeostasis via the coordinated activation of BR synthetic and receptor genes in rice (Je et al, 2010). In addition, plants overexpressing RAVL1 showed increased lamina inclination, like the Epi-rav6 mutants (Je et al, 2010), suggesting that RAV6 may also be involved in the BR pathway via activation of BR biosynthetic and signaling genes.…”

Section: Rav6 Regulates Leaf Angle Via Mediating Br Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…RAVL1 maintains BR homeostasis via the coordinated activation of BR synthetic and receptor genes in rice (Je et al, 2010). In addition, plants overexpressing RAVL1 showed increased lamina inclination, like the Epi-rav6 mutants (Je et al, 2010), suggesting that RAV6 may also be involved in the BR pathway via activation of BR biosynthetic and signaling genes. To confirm this, we measured expression of representative genes encoding BR biosynthesis enzymes and the BR receptor, known RAVL1 targets, in Epi-rav6 mutants.…”

Section: Rav6 Regulates Leaf Angle Via Mediating Br Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In rice, RELATED TO ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3)/ VIVIPAROUS1 (VP1; RAV)-LIKE1 (RAVL1), a B3 DNA-binding domain-containing protein, maintains BR homeostasis via the coordinated activation of BRI1 and BR biosynthetic genes D2, DWARF11 (D11), and BR-DEFICIENT DWARF1 (BRD1; Je et al, 2010). The ravl1 mutant and RAVL1 overexpression lines showed erect leaves and large leaf angles, respectively (Je et al, 2010).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For example, loss-of-function mutants of rice BR INSENSITIVE1 (OsBRI1) and EBISU DWARF (D2), which encode the rice BR receptor kinase and a BR synthesis enzyme, respectively, show erect leaves (Yamamuro et al, 2000;Hong et al, 2003). In rice, RELATED TO ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3)/ VIVIPAROUS1 (VP1; RAV)-LIKE1 (RAVL1), a B3 DNA-binding domain-containing protein, maintains BR homeostasis via the coordinated activation of BRI1 and BR biosynthetic genes D2, DWARF11 (D11), and BR-DEFICIENT DWARF1 (BRD1; Je et al, 2010). The ravl1 mutant and RAVL1 overexpression lines showed erect leaves and large leaf angles, respectively (Je et al, 2010).…”

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Epigenetic Mutation of RAV6 Affects Leaf Angle and Seed Size in Rice

et al. 2015

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Heritable epigenetic variants of genes, termed epialleles, can broaden genetic and phenotypic diversity in eukaryotes. Epialleles may also provide a new source of beneficial traits for crop breeding, but very few epialleles related to agricultural traits have been identified in crops. Here, we identified Epi-rav6, a gain-of-function epiallele of rice (Oryza sativa) RELATED TO ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE3 (ABI3)/VIVIPAROUS1 (VP1) 6 (RAV6), which encodes a B3 DNA-binding domain-containing protein. The Epi-rav6 plants show larger lamina inclination and smaller grain size; these agronomically important phenotypes are inherited in a semidominant manner. We did not find nucleotide sequence variation of RAV6. Instead, we found hypomethylation in the promoter region of RAV6, which caused ectopic expression of RAV6 in Epi-rav6 plants. Bisulfite analysis revealed that cytosine methylation of four CG and two CNG loci within a continuous 96-bp region plays essential roles in regulating RAV6 expression; this region contains a conserved miniature inverted repeat transposable element transposon insertion in cultivated rice genomes. Overexpression of RAV6 in the wild type phenocopied the Epi-rav6 phenotype. The brassinosteroid (BR) receptor BR INSENSITIVE1 and BR biosynthetic genes EBISU DWARF, DWARF11, and BR-DEFICIENT DWARF1 were ectopically expressed in Epi-rav6 plants. Also, treatment with a BR biosynthesis inhibitor restored the leaf angle defects of Epi-rav6 plants. This indicates that RAV6 affects rice leaf angle by modulating BR homeostasis and demonstrates an essential regulatory role of epigenetic modification on a key gene controlling important agricultural traits. Thus, our work identifies a unique rice epiallele, which may represent a common phenomenon in complex crop genomes.Epigenetic gene variants (epialleles) carry heritable changes in gene expression that do not result from alterations in the underlying DNA sequence (Kakutani, 2002). In eukaryotes, cytosine DNA methylation, a conserved epigenetic mark, plays essential roles in the silencing of transposable elements (TEs) and genes (Law and Jacobsen, 2010). In higher plants, the few known epialleles involve alterations in DNA methylation, indicating that this epigenetic marker makes a large contribution to epigenetic diversity. The Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) clark kent epiallele, which has hypermethylated cytosines at the SUPERMAN locus, causes increased numbers of stamens and carpels (Jacobsen and Meyerowitz, 1997). Also, DNA hypomethylation at two direct repeats in the promoter region of FLOWERING WAGENINGEN (FWA; Soppe et al., 2000) causes the late-flowering phenotype in Arabidopsis plants carrying the fwa epiallele. Plants carrying the natural epiallele hypermethylated at Linaria cycloidea-like show altered floral symmetry, from bilateral to radial, in Linaria vulgaris (Cubas et al., 1999). In tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), the Colorless nonripening phenotype results from hypermethylation at the promoter of SQUAMOSA promoter-binding protein like (Mann...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rav6 Regulates Leaf Angle Via Mediating Br Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Rav6 Regulates Leaf Angle Via Mediating Br Homeostasismentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Epigenetic Mutation of RAV6 Affects Leaf Angle and Seed Size in Rice

et al. 2015

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TransposonDs‐Mediated Insertional Mutagenesis in Rice(Oryza sativa)

Xuan

Kim

et al. 2016

CP Plant Biology

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Rice (Oryza sativa) is the most important consumed staple food for a large and diverse population worldwide. Since databases of genomic sequences became available, functional genomics and genetic manipulations have been widely practiced in rice research communities. Insertional mutants are the most common genetic materials utilized to analyze gene function. To mutagenize rice genomes, we exploited the transpositional activity of an Activator/Dissociation (Ac/Ds) system in rice. To mobilize Ds in rice genomes, a maize Ac cDNA was expressed under the CaMV35S promoter, and a gene trap Ds was utilized to detect expression of host genes via the reporter gene GUS. Conventional transposon‐mediated gene‐tagging systems rely on genetic crossing and selection markers. Furthermore, the activities of transposases have to be monitored. By taking advantage of the fact that Ds becomes highly active during tissue culture, a plant regeneration system employing tissue culture was employed to generate a large Ds transposant population in rice. This system overcomes the requirement for markers and the monitoring of Ac activity. In the regenerated populations, more than 70% of the plant lines contained independent Ds insertions and 12% expressed GUS at seedling stages. This protocol describes the method for producing a Ds‐mediated insertional population via tissue culture regeneration systems. © 2016 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

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Genetic mapping of dynamic control of leaf angle across multiple canopy levels in maize

Dzievit,

Li,

2023

The Plant Genome

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Optimizing leaf angle and other canopy architecture traits has helped modern maize (Zea mays L.) become adapted to higher planting densities over the last 60 years. Traditional investigations into genetic control of leaf angle have focused on one leaf or the average of multiple leaves; as a result, our understanding of genetic control across multiple canopy levels is still limited. To address this, genetic mapping across four canopy levels was conducted in the present study to investigate the genetic control of leaf angle across the canopy. We developed two populations of doubled haploid lines derived from three inbreds with distinct leaf angle phenotypes. These populations were genotyped with genotyping‐by‐sequencing and phenotyped for leaf angle at four different canopy levels over multiple years. To understand how leaf angle changes across the canopy, the four measurements were used to derive three additional traits. Composite interval mapping was conducted with the leaf‐specific measurements and the derived traits. A set of 59 quantitative trait loci (QTLs) were uncovered for seven traits, and two genomic regions were consistently detected across multiple canopy levels. Additionally, seven genomic regions were found to contain consistent QTLs with either relatively stable or dynamic effects at different canopy levels. Prioritizing the selection of QTLs with dynamic effects across the canopy will aid breeders in selecting maize hybrids with the ideal canopy architecture that continues to maximize yield on a per area basis under increasing planting densities.

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RAV-Like1Maintains Brassinosteroid Homeostasis via the Coordinated Activation ofBRI1and Biosynthetic Genes in Rice

Cited by 104 publications

References 54 publications

Epigenetic Mutation of RAV6 Affects Leaf Angle and Seed Size in Rice

Epigenetic Mutation of RAV6 Affects Leaf Angle and Seed Size in Rice

TransposonDs‐Mediated Insertional Mutagenesis in Rice(Oryza sativa)

Genetic mapping of dynamic control of leaf angle across multiple canopy levels in maize

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