<i>RAB GTPASE HOMOLOG 8D</i> is required for the maintenance of both the root stem cell niche and the meristem

Li, Pengcheng; Ma, Junjie; Sun, Xiaoyan; Zhao, Chuanzhi; Ma, Changle; Wang, Xingjun

doi:10.1111/tpj.15106

Cited by 6 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…This opens the question on organ‐specific GUN1 function and the regulation of GUN1 degradation. Plastid retrograde signals have been shown to be active in roots, and at least the signals originated in response to defects in plastid translation are mediated by GUN1 and have effects on root development (Sullivan & Gray, 1999; Garnik et al ., 2019; Li et al ., 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 plays a key role during the de‐etiolation process in Arabidopsis

et al. 2022

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One of the most dramatic challenges in the life of a plant occurs when the seedling emerges from the soil and exposure to light triggers expression of genes required for establishment of photosynthesis.This process needs to be tightly regulated, as premature accumulation of light-harvesting proteins and photoreactive Chl precursors causes oxidative damage when the seedling is first exposed to light. Photosynthesis genes are encoded by both nuclear and plastid genomes, and to establish the required level of control, plastid-to-nucleus (retrograde) signalling is necessary to ensure correct gene expression.We herein show that a negative GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 (GUN1)-mediated retrograde signal restricts chloroplast development in darkness and during early light response by regulating the transcription of several critical transcription factors linked to light response, photomorphogenesis, and chloroplast development, and consequently their downstream target genes in Arabidopsis.Thus, the plastids play an essential role during skotomorphogenesis and the early light response, and GUN1 acts as a safeguard during the critical step of seedling emergence from darkness.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 plays a key role during the de‐etiolation process in Arabidopsis

et al. 2022

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“…Mutation of the Arabidopsis GTPASE HOMOLOG 8D ( RAB8D ) gene, which encodes a plastid‐targeted counterpart of the prokaryotic translation elongation factor thermal unstable (EF‐Tu) and is required for the translation of proteins synthetized in the chloroplast, causes impaired chloroplast function, dramatically affecting meristem size and root growth. Genetic studies revealed that RAB8D deficiency activates the ATM–SOG1 module, which regulates SMR5 expression, being partly responsible for the root growth inhibition (Li et al., 2021). In addition, it has been reported that atm , atr , and sog1 mutant seedlings grown in the presence of ciprofloxacin, a genotoxin that specifically targets organellar DNA, are more severely affected than wild‐type plants.…”

Section: Ddr Connected To Organellesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cell cycle checkpoint control in response to DNA damage by environmental stresses

2021

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SUMMARY Being sessile organisms, plants are ubiquitously exposed to stresses that can affect the DNA replication process or cause DNA damage. To cope with these problems, plants utilize DNA damage response (DDR) pathways, consisting of both highly conserved and plant‐specific elements. As a part of this DDR, cell cycle checkpoint control mechanisms either pause the cell cycle, to allow DNA repair, or lead cells into differentiation or programmed cell death, to prevent the transmission of DNA errors in the organism through mitosis or to its offspring via meiosis. The two major DDR cell cycle checkpoints control either the replication process or the G2/M transition. The latter is largely overseen by the plant‐specific SOG1 transcription factor, which drives the activity of cyclin‐dependent kinase inhibitors and MYB3R proteins, which are rate limiting for the G2/M transition. By contrast, the replication checkpoint is controlled by different players, including the conserved kinase WEE1 and likely the transcriptional repressor RBR1. These checkpoint mechanisms are called upon during developmental processes, in retrograde signaling pathways, and in response to biotic and abiotic stresses, including metal toxicity, cold, salinity, and phosphate deficiency. Additionally, the recent expansion of research from Arabidopsis to other model plants has revealed species‐specific aspects of the DDR. Overall, it is becoming evidently clear that the DNA damage checkpoint mechanisms represent an important aspect of the adaptation of plants to a changing environment, hence gaining more knowledge about this topic might be helpful to increase the resilience of plants to climate change.

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“…In sorghum deep roots, SbATC could be involved in long-distance signaling to the shoot or regulation of root meristem interaction with FT-like peptides that modulate growth. The sorghum homolog of AtATM (Sobic.003G103701) that is differentially expressed in DR could be involved in root stem cell niche and meristem maintenance as occurs in Arabidopsis (Li et al, 2021). Sorghum homologs of bZIP29 (Sobic.007G182500), a regulator of root cell number (Van Leene et al, 2016;Wang et al, 2020), and ADA2B (Sobic.001G088100), a regulator of trichome density (Kotak et al, 2018) and growth (Rao & Virupapuram, 2021), could regulate root hair density or growth of deep roots.…”

Section: Genes Differentially Expressed In Deep Rootsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bioenergy sorghum’s deep roots: A key to sustainable biomass production on annual cropland

et al. 2021

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Bioenergy sorghum has high biomass yield potential, drought resilience, good nitrogen use efficiency, and a root system that contributes to the accumulation of soil organic carbon. In this study, field grown bioenergy sorghum root systems were analyzed during the growing season to characterize their depth, biomass, morphology, anatomy, and gene expression profiles. Bioenergy sorghum roots grew continuously during a 155-day growing season producing ~175 nodal roots, accumulating ~7 Mg of dry biomass per hectare, and reaching >2 m deep in the soil profile. Nodal roots within 20 cm of the stem were 1-5 mm in diameter, whereas roots deeper in soil profiles were enriched in lateral roots with small diameters (~30-500 µm) enabling growth through soil macropores. In older field-grown plants, roots with intact endodermal, vascular and inner root tissues were surrounded by degraded or aerenchymafilled epidermal and cortical cell layers. Transcriptome analysis of nodal, surface, and deep roots identified >2,500 differentially expressed genes involved in root growth, transport, adaptation, defense, and AMF-root interaction. Deep roots (180-240 cm) differentially expressed genes that regulate lateral root growth. Surface roots (0-20 cm) located mid-row differentially expressed genes involved in nitrate transport, whereas ammonium transport genes were expressed in surface and deep roots and genes involved in phosphate transport were expressed in nodal, surface, and deep roots. Overall, bioenergy sorghum's long growing season enables root systems to grow deeper and accumulate more biomass than annual grain crops such as maize, attributes that could help restore annual cropland soil organic carbon levels and improve soil productivity. Deep roots active in nutrient transport are positioned to take-up fertilizer leached deep into soil profiles mitigating potential nutrient run-off. Bioenergy sorghum's large and deep root system is a key to sustainable production of biofuels, biopower, and bioproducts on annual cropland.

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RAB GTPASE HOMOLOG 8D is required for the maintenance of both the root stem cell niche and the meristem

Cited by 6 publications

References 56 publications

GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 plays a key role during the de‐etiolation process in Arabidopsis

GENOMES UNCOUPLED1 plays a key role during the de‐etiolation process in Arabidopsis

Cell cycle checkpoint control in response to DNA damage by environmental stresses

Bioenergy sorghum’s deep roots: A key to sustainable biomass production on annual cropland

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