“…This manuscript version is made available under the CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Approach (SCA) (Friend and Hickling, 1987;Friend, 2001), and Strategic Options Development and Analysis (SODA) (Eden and Ackermann, 2001;Ackermann and Eden, 2005). There is now a wealth of case-study reports on the use of PSMs and the potential for learning to be gleaned from the analysis of micro-level practice is widely recognised (Taket and White, 1997;Mingers and Rosenhead, 2004;Rosenhead, 2006Rosenhead, , 2009Shaw, Edwards, and Collier, 2006;White, 2006;Ackermann, 2012;Franco, 2013;Gregory, Atkins, Burdon, and Elliott, 2013;Yearworth and White, 2014;Velez-Castiblanco, Brocklesby, and Midgley, 2016;White, Burger, and Yearworth, 2016).…”