<i>Punica granatum</i> (Pomegranate) Juice Provides an HIV‐1 Entry Inhibitor and Candidate Topical Microbicide

Neurath, A. R.

doi:10.1196/annals.1352.015

Cited by 77 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 85 publications

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“…The pomegranate has been used in phage amplification assays as a viricidal agent (De Siqueira and others 2006). In addition, pomegranate extract has been reported to have microbiocidal effects on HIV‐1 (Neurath and others 2005).…”

Section: Other Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pomegranate and its Many Functional Components as Related to Human Health: A Review

Viuda‐Martos¹,

Fernández‐López²

2010

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

607

375

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Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) is an ancient fruit that is widely consumed as fresh fruit and juice. The use of pomegranate fruit dates from ancient times and reports of its therapeutic qualities have echoed throughout the ages. Both in vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated how this fruit acts as antioxidant, antidiabetic, and hypolipidemic and shows antibacterial, antiinflammatory, antiviral, and anticarcinogenic activities. The fruit also improves cardiovascular and oral health. These beneficial physiological effects may also have preventive applications in a variety of pathologies. The health benefits of pomegranate have been attributed to its wide range of phytochemicals, which are predominantly polyphenols, including primarily hydrolyzable ellagitannins, anthocyanins, and other polyphenols. The aim of this review was to present an overview of the functional, medical, and physiological properties of this fruit.

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Section: Other Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pomegranate and its Many Functional Components as Related to Human Health: A Review

Viuda‐Martos¹,

Fernández‐López²

2010

Comp Rev Food Sci Food Safe

607

375

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“…[1][2][3][4] The popularity of pomegranate juice increased significantly in the United States after laboratory and clinical studies suggested that its consumption could decrease the risk of cardiovascular disease, 5 suppresses prostate 6 and breast cancers, 7 and it might even augment the effect of HIV treatment regimens. 8 Pharmacokinetic drug interactions involving citrus products have received considerable attention in the last 15 years. In early studies as far back as 1989, it was demonstrated that grapefruit juice increases the bioavailabilty of the calcium channel antagonists felodipine and nifedipine in humans.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Pomegranate Juice Does Not Impair Clearance of Oral or Intravenous Midazolam, a Probe for Cytochrome P450‐3A Activity: Comparison With Grapefruit Juice

Farkas

Oleson

Zhao

et al. 2007

The Journal of Clinical Pharma

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The effect of pomegranate juice (PJ) or grapefruit juice (GFJ) on CYP3A activity was studied in vitro and in healthy human volunteers. In human liver microsomes, the mean 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC(50)) for PJ and GFJ versus CYP3A (triazolam alpha-hydroxylation) were 0.61% and 0.55%, (v/v) respectively, without preincubation of inhibitor with microsomes. After preincubation, the IC(50) for PJ increased to 0.97% (P < .05), whereas the IC(50) for GFJ decreased to 0.41% (P < .05), suggesting mechanism-based inhibition by GFJ but not PJ. Pretreatment of volunteer subjects (n = 13) with PJ (8 oz) did not alter the elimination half-life, volume of distribution, or clearance of intravenous midazolam (2 mg). Administration of PJ also did not affect C(max), total area under the curve (AUC), or clearance of oral midazolam (6 mg). However, GFJ (8 oz) increased midazolam C(max) and AUC by a factor of 1.3 and 1.5, respectively, and reduced oral clearance to 72% of control values. Thus, PJ does not alter clearance of intravenous or oral midazolam, whereas GFJ impairs clearance and elevates plasma levels of oral midazolam.

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“…A decrease in virucidal activity at ZnSO 4 concentrations 0.29, 0.144 and 0.288 mg mL -1 to punicalagin and 2.88 to PRE may indicate competition for a specific protein and or binding site, hindering potentiation. The virucidal mode of action of pomegranate polyphenols has yet to be elucidated, however other research has shown the interaction between polyphenols with envelope viral glycol proteins of influenza [7, 30]. …”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The inhibition of α-glucosidase and human leukocyte elastase activity by PRE has been reported [6]—this action was claimed to impede viral attachment and penetration via disruption of the glycosylation of viral glycoproteins. Pomegranate juice extracts have antiviral effects against human immunodeficiency virus (HIV); the mechanism of action appeared to inhibit the binding of the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein gp 120, preventing the interaction of HIV-1 with the CD4 receptor, and thus reducing the infectivity of the virus [7]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Potentiated virucidal activity of pomegranate rind extract (PRE) and punicalagin against Herpes simplex virus (HSV) when co-administered with zinc (II) ions, and antiviral activity of PRE against HSV and aciclovir-resistant HSV

et al. 2017

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BackgroundThere is a clinical need for new therapeutic products against Herpes simplex virus (HSV). The pomegranate, fruit of the tree Punica granatum L, has since ancient times been linked to activity against infection. This work probed the activity of pomegranate rind extract (PRE) and co-administered zinc (II) ions.Materials and methodsPRE was used in conjunction with zinc (II) salts to challenge HSV-1 and aciclovir-resistant HSV in terms of virucidal plaque assay reduction and antiviral activities in epithelial Vero host cells. Cytotoxicity was determined by the MTS assay using a commercial kit.ResultsZinc sulphate, zinc citrate, zinc stearate and zinc gluconate demonstrated similar potentiated virucidal activity with PRE against HSV-1 by up to 4-fold. A generally parabolic relationship was observed when HSV-1 was challenged with PRE and varying concentrations of ZnSO4, with a maximum potentiation factor of 5.5. Punicalagin had 8-fold greater virucidal activity than an equivalent mass of PRE. However, antiviral data showed that punicalagin had significantly lower antiviral activity compared to the activity of PRE (EC50 = 0.56 μg mL-1) a value comparable to aciclovir (EC50 = 0.18 μg mL-1); however, PRE also demonstrated potency against aciclovir-resistant HSV (EC50 = 0.02 μg mL-1), whereas aciclovir showed no activity. Antiviral action of PRE was not influenced by ZnSO4. No cytotoxicity was detected with any test solution.ConclusionsThe potentiated virucidal activity of PRE by coadministered zinc (II) has potential as a multi-action novel topical therapeutic agent against HSV infections, such as coldsores.

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Punica granatum (Pomegranate) Juice Provides an HIV‐1 Entry Inhibitor and Candidate Topical Microbicide

Cited by 77 publications

References 85 publications

Pomegranate and its Many Functional Components as Related to Human Health: A Review

Pomegranate and its Many Functional Components as Related to Human Health: A Review

Pomegranate Juice Does Not Impair Clearance of Oral or Intravenous Midazolam, a Probe for Cytochrome P450‐3A Activity: Comparison With Grapefruit Juice

Potentiated virucidal activity of pomegranate rind extract (PRE) and punicalagin against Herpes simplex virus (HSV) when co-administered with zinc (II) ions, and antiviral activity of PRE against HSV and aciclovir-resistant HSV

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