<i>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</i>: A Model for Biofilm Formation

McDougald, Diane; Klebensberger, Janosch; Tolker‐Nielsen, Tim; Webb, Jeremy S.; Conibear, Tim; Rice, Scott A.; Kirov, SM; Matz, Carsten; Kjelleberg, Staffan

doi:10.1002/9783527622009.ch9

Cited by 18 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 286 publications

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“…Therefore, it has become one of the best-studied model organisms for biofilm formation (McDougald et al, 2008). Biofilm formation progresses through multiple developmental stages, beginning with reversible and then irreversible attachment of cells to a surface, followed by the formation of microcolonies, the maturation and differentiation of the biofilm with the expression of matrix polymers, and finally dispersal of cells from the biofilm (Stoodley et al, 2002;Sauer et al, 2004;McDougald et al, 2008). It has been shown that flagella-and/ or type IV pili-mediated motility is important in distinct steps during attachment and microcolony formation (O'Toole & Kolter, 1998;Sauer et al, 2002;Klausen et al, 2003a, b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A supplementary figure, showing gel electrophoretic analysis of PCR fragments amplified from P. aeruginosa SG81 genomic DNA, and a supplementary table, showing enzyme activities in EPS-containing cellfree supernatants from cultures of P. aeruginosa SG81 and its derivatives, are available with the online version of this paper. from the biofilm (Stoodley et al, 2002; Sauer et al, 2004;McDougald et al, 2008). It has been shown that flagella-and/ or type IV pili-mediated motility is important in distinct steps during attachment and microcolony formation (O'Toole & Kolter, 1998;Sauer et al, 2002; Klausen et al, 2003a, b).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…P. aeruginosa is now regarded as one of the medically most relevant biofilmforming bacterial species. Therefore, it has become one of the best-studied model organisms for biofilm formation (McDougald et al, 2008). Biofilm formation progresses through multiple developmental stages, beginning with reversible and then irreversible attachment of cells to a surface, followed by the formation of microcolonies, the maturation and differentiation of the biofilm with the expression of matrix polymers, and finally dispersal of cells Abbreviations: CLSM, confocal laser scanning microscopy; eDNA, extracellular DNA; EPS, extracellular polymeric substances.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Extracellular enzymes affect biofilm formation of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2010

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa secretes a variety of hydrolases, many of which contribute to virulence or are thought to play a role in the nutrition of the bacterium. As most studies concerning extracellular enzymes have been performed on planktonic cultures of non-mucoid P. aeruginosa strains, knowledge of the potential role of these enzymes in biofilm formation in mucoid (alginateproducing) P. aeruginosa remains limited. Here we show that mucoid P. aeruginosa produces extracellular hydrolases during biofilm growth. Overexpression of the extracellular lipases LipA and LipC, the esterase EstA and the proteolytic elastase LasB from plasmids revealed that some of these hydrolases affected the composition and physicochemical properties of the extracellular polymeric substances (EPS). While no influence of LipA was observed, the overexpression of estA and lasB led to increased concentrations of extracellular rhamnolipids with enhanced levels of mono-rhamnolipids, elevated amounts of total carbohydrates and decreased alginate concentrations, resulting in increased EPS hydrophobicity and viscosity. Moreover, we observed an influence of the enzymes on cellular motility. Overexpression of estA resulted in a loss of twitching motility, although it enhanced the ability to swim and swarm. The lasB-overexpression strain showed an overall enhanced motility compared with the parent strain. Moreover, the EstAand LasB-overproduction strains completely lost the ability to form 3D biofilms, whereas the overproduction of LipC increased cell aggregation and the heterogeneity of the biofilms formed. Overall, these findings indicate that directly or indirectly, the secreted enzymes EstA, LasB and LipC can influence the formation and architecture of mucoid P. aeruginosa biofilms as a result of changes in EPS composition and properties, as well as the motility of the cells. INTRODUCTIONPseudomonas aeruginosa is a common environmental bacterium and represents an increasingly prevalent opportunistic human pathogen whose ecological success is based on a remarkable degree of genomic flexibility and phenotypic adaptation (Wehmhöner et al., 2003). P. aeruginosa successfully colonizes a wide range of habitats, including natural soil and aquatic environments as well as artificial water systems (Botzenhart & Döring, 1993). It is involved in acute and chronic diseases, for example in infections of surgery and burn patients, in urogenital tract and wound infections, chronic lung infections of cystic fibrosis patients, and nosocomial pneumonia in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients (Drenkard, 2003;Singh et al., 2000).The biofilm mode of life significantly contributes to the growth and persistence of P. aeruginosa under varying environmental conditions in nature, as well as in technical systems and the clinical setting. P. aeruginosa is now regarded as one of the medically most relevant biofilmforming bacterial species. Therefore, it has become one of the best-studied model organisms for biofilm formation (McDougald et al., 2008). Biofilm forma...

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Extracellular enzymes affect biofilm formation of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa

et al. 2010

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“…Signaling pathways that rely on the secondary messengers bis-(3 0 -5 0 )-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and adenosine 3 0 -5 0 -cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) coordinately regulate virulence and the transition between planktonic and surface-attached lifestyles in P. aeruginosa in response to adaptation to novel habitats (McDougald et al 2008;Romling 2012). Cyclic di-GMP signaling controls fundamental physiological processes such as transcription, translation, post-translational events, and proteolysis, which in turn affect a wide range of highly complex phenotypes including pathogenesis, secretion, motility, production of secondary metabolites, stress adaptation, and biofilm formation.…”

Section: Regulation Of Biofilm Formation In P Aeruginosa and Role Ofmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The bacteria respond to changes in local environmental conditions by altering gene expression patterns and physiological activity (Stewart and Franklin 2008). Stressful conditions in mature biofilms also generate genetic diversity and lead to the enrichment of new subpopulations that can better survive in a given microenvironment (McDougald et al 2008;Bordi and de Bentzmann 2011). The final stage is characterized by a transient return to motility and the release of planktonic cells into the environment, leading to biofilm dispersion.…”

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Phenazines and Bacterial Biofilms

Mavrodi

Parejko

2013

Microbial Phenazines

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Most bacteria in the environment exist in biofilms-structured, surfaceattached multicellular communities that are enmeshed in a self-produced polysaccharide matrix. Biofilms allow bacteria to participate is social interactions, survive under harsh conditions and successfully resist antimicrobials, invasion by competitors, predation, and destruction by components of the immune system. Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. are prolific biofilm formers and some members of the genus have become model organisms for the study of biofilm biology. Several economically important groups of pseudomonads produce phenazines, pigmented, redox-active metabolites that have long been recognized for their broad-spectrum antibiotic activity. The current chapter focuses on the emerging close link between phenazine production and biofilm formation in Pseudomonas spp., and on the important role of phenazines in biofilms associated with human infectious diseases and highly competitive environmental niches such as soil and the plant rhizosphere.

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Phospholipid Content of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Is Modulated by the Growth Phase Rather Than the Immobilization State

Sénéchal

Crouzet

Costaglioli

et al. 2019

Lipids

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Biofilms have significance in medical, industrial, and environmental settings, and can cause important damage. As biofilms are tolerant to various stresses, including antibiotics, it is necessary to better understand their formation. For this reason, we characterized the phospholipidome of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, an opportunistic pathogen involved in numerous infections, during the first steps of the biofilm development. By a liquid chromatography‐tandem mass spectrometry time‐course analysis over a 24‐h period, we compared the phospholipid (PL) composition of immobilized (attached) and planktonic (unattached) P. aeruginosa PAO1 cells. Our results showed that the PL content of P. aeruginosa PAO1 was mainly modulated by the incubation time, thus related to bacterial growth but also, more modestly, by the immobilization state. We observed that relative amounts of PL varied over time with two main profiles and that these profiles are correlated to its fatty acid composition, including the degree of unsaturation. A statistical analysis revealed that the PL contents of both attached and unattached PAO1 cells were significantly different mainly after 3 and 6 h of incubation and that the amounts of two PL presented a statistical difference between attached and unattached cells all along the 24‐h period: PtdEtn 16:0_18:1 and PtdEtn 18:1_18:1.

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Pseudomonas aeruginosa: A Model for Biofilm Formation

Cited by 18 publications

References 286 publications

Extracellular enzymes affect biofilm formation of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Extracellular enzymes affect biofilm formation of mucoid Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Phenazines and Bacterial Biofilms

Phospholipid Content of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 Is Modulated by the Growth Phase Rather Than the Immobilization State

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