Abstract:A new Primulina species from Guangdong, China with an unusual inflorescence is described here. Primulina anisocymosa is vegetatively most similar to P. bobaiensis. It can be distinguished from all species within Primulina morphologically by its unique zigzag monochasial cyme and infructescence. To confirm the phylogenetic relationships and generic placement of this species, not only morphological anatomical features but also chromosome and DNA sequence data were examined and analysed here. Two samples from dif… Show more
“…Fig. 1Number of Primulina species/taxa published since 2011 (Xu et al 2017; Hong et al 2019; Kong et al 2019; Li et al 2019; Wen et al 2019; Ye et al 2019)…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With 204 described taxa, the recircumscribed Primulina is the most species-rich plant genus on the vast limestone karst terrain stretching from southern China to northern Vietnam (Möller et al 2016; Xu et al 2017; Hong et al 2019; Kong et al 2019; Li et al 2019; Wen et al 2019). The diverse floral morphology and habitat preference of Primulina thus makes the genus an ideal clade to study evolutionary mechanisms that generated the high species diversity in the Sino-Vietnamese limestone karsts (Chung et al 2014; Gao et al 2015; Kong et al 2017).…”
Background
The Gesneriaceae genus
Chiritopsis
, confined almost exclusively to cave or cave-like microhabitats of limestone karsts of southern China, was described to distinguish it from
Chirita
by much smaller flowers and generally miniature plant sizes in the former genus. However, molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that
Chiritopsis
is polyphyletic and its species delimitation has been problematic. To understand how many times Chiritopsis-like species have evolved from within the recircumscribed
Primulina
and to further clarify their species identification, we sampled all but two recently described species of Chiritopsis-like
Primulina
and reconstructed their phylogenetic relationship based on DNA sequences of nuclear ITS and chloroplast
trnL
-
F
and
trnH
-
psbA
.
Results
With 182 accessions of 165 taxa of
Primulina
sampled, our analyses placed the 40 accessions of 25 taxa of Chiritopsis-like
Primulina
in 17 unrelated positions, indicating at least 17 independent origins of the traits associated with caves or cave-like microhabitats. Of the 17 clades containing Chiritopsis-like
Primulina
, Clade 1 is composed of
P. bipinnatifida
,
P. cangwuensis
,
P. jianghuaensis
,
P. lingchuanensis
, and
P. zhoui
, as well as additional samples that show variable and overlapping morphology in leaf shapes. Clade 10 includes
P. cordifolia
,
P. huangii
, and
P. repanda
, while
Primulina repanda
var.
guilinensis
is not placed within Clade 10.
Primulina glandulosa
var.
yangshuoensis
is not placed in the same clade of
P. glandulosa
.
Conclusions
Based on our data,
P. cangwuensis
,
P. jianghuaensis
, and
P. lingchuanensis
are proposed to synonymize under
P. bipinnatifida
, with
P. zhoui
treated as a variety of
P. bipinnatifida
.
Primulina repanda
var.
guilinensis
is transferred as
P. subulata
var.
guilinensis
comb. nov. and
Primulina pseudoglandulosa
nom. nov. is proposed for
P. glandulosa
var.
yangshuoensis
. One new species is named
...
“…Fig. 1Number of Primulina species/taxa published since 2011 (Xu et al 2017; Hong et al 2019; Kong et al 2019; Li et al 2019; Wen et al 2019; Ye et al 2019)…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…With 204 described taxa, the recircumscribed Primulina is the most species-rich plant genus on the vast limestone karst terrain stretching from southern China to northern Vietnam (Möller et al 2016; Xu et al 2017; Hong et al 2019; Kong et al 2019; Li et al 2019; Wen et al 2019). The diverse floral morphology and habitat preference of Primulina thus makes the genus an ideal clade to study evolutionary mechanisms that generated the high species diversity in the Sino-Vietnamese limestone karsts (Chung et al 2014; Gao et al 2015; Kong et al 2017).…”
Background
The Gesneriaceae genus
Chiritopsis
, confined almost exclusively to cave or cave-like microhabitats of limestone karsts of southern China, was described to distinguish it from
Chirita
by much smaller flowers and generally miniature plant sizes in the former genus. However, molecular phylogenetic analyses showed that
Chiritopsis
is polyphyletic and its species delimitation has been problematic. To understand how many times Chiritopsis-like species have evolved from within the recircumscribed
Primulina
and to further clarify their species identification, we sampled all but two recently described species of Chiritopsis-like
Primulina
and reconstructed their phylogenetic relationship based on DNA sequences of nuclear ITS and chloroplast
trnL
-
F
and
trnH
-
psbA
.
Results
With 182 accessions of 165 taxa of
Primulina
sampled, our analyses placed the 40 accessions of 25 taxa of Chiritopsis-like
Primulina
in 17 unrelated positions, indicating at least 17 independent origins of the traits associated with caves or cave-like microhabitats. Of the 17 clades containing Chiritopsis-like
Primulina
, Clade 1 is composed of
P. bipinnatifida
,
P. cangwuensis
,
P. jianghuaensis
,
P. lingchuanensis
, and
P. zhoui
, as well as additional samples that show variable and overlapping morphology in leaf shapes. Clade 10 includes
P. cordifolia
,
P. huangii
, and
P. repanda
, while
Primulina repanda
var.
guilinensis
is not placed within Clade 10.
Primulina glandulosa
var.
yangshuoensis
is not placed in the same clade of
P. glandulosa
.
Conclusions
Based on our data,
P. cangwuensis
,
P. jianghuaensis
, and
P. lingchuanensis
are proposed to synonymize under
P. bipinnatifida
, with
P. zhoui
treated as a variety of
P. bipinnatifida
.
Primulina repanda
var.
guilinensis
is transferred as
P. subulata
var.
guilinensis
comb. nov. and
Primulina pseudoglandulosa
nom. nov. is proposed for
P. glandulosa
var.
yangshuoensis
. One new species is named
...
“…They are Primulina spiradiclioides Z.B.Xin & F.Wen ( Xin et al 2020a ), P. hochiensis var. ochroleuca F.Wen, Y.Z.Ge & Z.B.Xin ( Ge et al 2020 ), P. anisocymosa F.Wen, Xin Hong & Z.J.Qiu ( Hong et al 2019 ), P. wuae F.Wen & L.F.Fu ( Li et al 2017 ), P. qintangensis Z.B.Xin, W.C.Chou & F.Wen ( Xin et al 2020b ), P. titan Z.B.Xin, W.C.Chou & F. Wen ( Xin et al 2020c ), P. bipinnatifida var. zhoui (F.Wen & Z.B.Xin)W.B.Xu & K.F.Chung, P. huangii F.Wen & Z.B.Xin ( Xin et al 2018 ), P. duanensis F.Wen & S.L.Huang ( Huang et al 2015 ), P. moi F.Wen & Y.G.Wei ( Zhou et al 2015 ), Oreocharis aimodisca Lei Cai, Z.L.Dao & F.Wen, O.…”
Actinostephanus, a new genus from southern China, is described and colorfully illustrated with a single species, A. enpingensis. This new genus is morphologically most similar to Boeica and Leptoboea, nevertheless, it can be easily distinguished from the latter two by the following characteristics, such as leaves in whorls of three, all closely clustered at the top; corolla bowl-shaped, 5-lobed, actinomorphic; capsule hard, oblong-ovoid, short, 3–4 mm long, densely appressed villous, wrapped by persistent densely pubescent calyx lobes, style persistent. The new genus and related genera were sequenced using the next-generation sequencing technique. The whole plastid genome of the new genus is 154, 315 – 154, 344 bp in length. We reconstructed phylogenetic trees using the dataset of 80 encoded protein genes of the whole plastid genome from 47 accessions based on ML and BI analyses. The result revealed that the new genus was recovering in a polytomy including Boeica, Rhynchotechum, and Leptoboea with strong support, congruent to the morphological evidence. A global conservation assessment was also performed and classifies A. enpingensis as Least Concern (LC). In addition, after a review of recently described species of Gesneriaceae, we propose that plant enthusiasts, especially Gesneriad fans, have been playing an increasingly important role in the process of new taxa-discoveries.
Primulina jiuyishanica K. Liu, D.C. Meng & Z.B. Xin, a new species of Gesneriaceae from Hunan, China, is described and illustrated. The new species is morphologically similar to Primulina fimbrisepala (Hand.-Mazz.) Yin Z. Wang, but differs in its elliptic to broadly elliptic leaf blade with broadly cuneate base, peduncle densely pubescent with sparse glandular hairs, corolla throat with no purple spots inside, the yellow patch in the throat densely glandular-pubescent and pistil densely glandular-pubescent. Photographs and descriptions of the new species are provided below.
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