<i>Plasmodium ovale wallikeri</i> and <i>P. ovale curtisi</i> Infections and Diagnostic Approaches to Imported Malaria, France, 2013–2018

Joste, Valentin; Bailly, Justine; Hubert, Véronique; Pauc, Cécile; Gendrot, Mathieu; Guillochon, Emilie; Madamet, Marylin; Thellier, Marc; Kendjo, Éric; Argy, Nicolas; Pradines, Bruno; Houzé, Sandrine

doi:10.3201/eid2702.202143

Cited by 22 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 40 publications

(62 reference statements)

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“…It is widely distributed in sub-Saharan Africa with overlapping presence with P. falciparum [46,47]. P. ovale, also endemic in Africa, where it probably represents the main agent of relapsing malaria, had a prevalence of 6.47% falling within the reported range [48][49][50][51][52]. P. vivax was identified in mixed infections with P. falciparum (three cases) and as a single infection (one case) in patients arriving from Africa.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13

et al. 2021

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Malaria is one of the ‘big three’ killer infectious diseases, alongside tuberculosis and HIV. In non-endemic areas, malaria may occur in travelers who have recently been to or visited endemic regions. The number of imported malaria cases in Portugal has increased in recent years, mostly due to the close relationship with the community of Portuguese language countries. Samples were collected from malaria-infected patients attending Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Ocidental (CHLO) or the outpatient clinic of Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical (IHMT-NOVA) between March 2014 and May 2021. Molecular characterization of Plasmodium falciparum pfk13 and pfmdr1 genes was performed. We analyzed 232 imported malaria cases. The majority (68.53%) of the patients came from Angola and only three patients travelled to a non-African country; one to Brazil and two to Indonesia. P. falciparum was diagnosed in 81.47% of the cases, P. malariae in 7.33%, P. ovale 6.47% and 1.72% carried P. vivax. No mutations were detected in pfk13. Regarding pfmdr1, the wild-type haplotype (N86/Y184/D1246) was also the most prevalent (64.71%) and N86/184F/D1246 was detected in 26.47% of the cases. The typical imported malaria case was middle-aged male, traveling from Angola, infected with P. falciparum carrying wild type pfmdr1 and pfk13. Our study highlights the need for constant surveillance of malaria parasites imported into Portugal as an important pillar of public health.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13

et al. 2021

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“…Aldolase-RDT (47.8%) showed a higher sensitivity than pLDH-RDT (10.6%) for both species. In addition, two different RDT showed different sensitivity to detect Pow, i.e., 50% and 16% compared to 45.5% and 4.2% for Poc for Aldolase-RDT and pLDH-RDT, respectively; however, the difference was not significant for Aldolase-RDT [32]. The higher pLDH-RDT positivity with Pow may be explained by its ability to produce a higher amount of LDH compared to Poc [20].…”

Section: Rapid Diagnostic Testsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…A recent study from France reported 677 P. ovale spp. imported cases (309 Poc and 368 Pow) and suggested a difference in sensitivity of the two species depending on the RDT type used for diagnosis [32]. Aldolase-RDT (47.8%) showed a higher sensitivity than pLDH-RDT (10.6%) for both species.…”

Section: Rapid Diagnostic Testsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Poc and Pow have been reported mainly in sSA and Asia [18,19,[22][23][24][25][26][27] and their prevalence ranges between 0.1% and 4% in Africa and is less than 0.1% in Asia with no significant difference between Poc and Pow [19,[25][26][27][28]. Moreover, misidentification of an increase in imported malaria cases in non-endemic areas have been reported from Singapore, United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, France and China among travellers, mainly from Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Nigeria, Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Guinea [20,[29][30][31][32][33][34]. Poc and Pow prevalence is supposedly much higher than that currently reported, as P. ovale spp.…”

Section: Epidemiology and Geographic Distribution Of Poc And Powmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Epidemiological, Physiological and Diagnostic Comparison of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri

2021

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Nowadays, Plasmodium ovale is divided into two non-recombinant sympatric species: Plasmodium ovale wallikeri and Plasmodium ovale curtisi. In this mini review, we summarize the available knowledge on the clinical/biological aspects of P. ovale spp. malaria and current techniques for the diagnosis/characterisation of P. ovale curtisi and P. ovale wallikeri. P. ovale wallikeri infections are characterized by a deeper thrombocytopenia and shorter latency compared to P. ovale curtisi infections, indicating that P. ovale wallikeri is more pathogenic than P. ovale curtisi. Rapid diagnosis for effective management is difficult for P. ovale spp., since specific rapid diagnostic tests are not available and microscopic diagnosis, which is recognized as the gold standard, requires expert microscopists to differentiate P. ovale spp. from other Plasmodium species. Neglect in addressing these issues in the prevalence of P. ovale spp. represents the existing gap in the fight against malaria.

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“…For example, Plasmodium ovale wallikeri displays a shorter latency period (time to onset of symptoms, linked to the dormant liver hypnozoite life-cycle stages) and deeper thrombocytopaenia (low blood platelet levels) than Plasmodium ovale curtisi [42][43][44][45]. In addition, where malaria transmission is seasonal, as it is in much of West Africa, latency periods are significantly lower during transmission season [42,43]. Plasmodium knowlesi, which naturally infects macaques but can be transmitted to humans, is found across southeast Asia following the distribution of its macaque hosts.…”

Section: Expanding Horizons: Sequencing Across the Genus Plasmodiummentioning

confidence: 99%

Malaria in the ‘Omics Era’

Pegoraro

Weedall

2021

Genes

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Genomics has revolutionised the study of the biology of parasitic diseases. The first Eukaryotic parasite to have its genome sequenced was the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum. Since then, Plasmodium genomics has continued to lead the way in the study of the genome biology of parasites, both in breadth—the number of Plasmodium species’ genomes sequenced—and in depth—massive-scale genome re-sequencing of several key species. Here, we review some of the insights into the biology, evolution and population genetics of Plasmodium gained from genome sequencing, and look at potential new avenues in the future genome-scale study of its biology.

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Plasmodium ovale wallikeri and P. ovale curtisi Infections and Diagnostic Approaches to Imported Malaria, France, 2013–2018

Abstract: Patients infected with P. ovale wallikeri displayed deeper thrombocytopenia and a shorter latency period.

Cited by 22 publications

References 40 publications

Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13

Imported Malaria in Portugal: Prevalence of Polymorphisms in the Anti-Malarial Drug Resistance Genes pfmdr1 and pfk13

Epidemiological, Physiological and Diagnostic Comparison of Plasmodium ovale curtisi and Plasmodium ovale wallikeri

Malaria in the ‘Omics Era’

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