<i>Peronospora lamii</i>on Lamiaceae in Australia

Liberato, J. R.; Forsberg, L. I.; Grice, K. R. E.; Shivas, R. G.

doi:10.1071/ap06027

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…on S . officinalis in 1993 (McMillan, 1993), the disease has been reported from all over the world (Gamliel and Yarden, 1998; Hill et al , 2004; Belbahri et al , 2005; Liberato et al , 2006; Humphreys‐Jones et al , 2008). It is of increasing economical concern and can be regarded as a newly emerging disease.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking host infection and reproduction of Peronospora salviae‐officinalis using an improved method for confocal laser scanning microscopy

et al. 2020

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Peronospora salviae-officinalis, the causal agent of downy mildew on common sage, is an obligate biotrophic pathogen. It grows in the intercellular spaces of the leaf tissue of sage and forms intracellular haustoria to interface with host cells. Although P. salviae-officinalis was described as a species of its own 10 years ago, the infection process remains obscure. To address this, a histological study of various infection events, from the adhesion of conidia on the leaf surface to de novo sporulation is presented here. As histological studies of oomycetes are challenging due to the lack of chitin in their cell wall, we also present an improved method for staining downy mildews for confocal laser scanning microscopy as well as evaluating the potential of autofluorescence of fixed nonstained samples. For staining, a 1:1 mixture of aniline blue and trypan blue was found most suitable and was used for staining of oomycete and plant structures, allowing discrimination between them as well as the visualization of plant immune responses. The method was also used to examine samples of Peronospora lamii on Lamium purpureum and Peronospora belbahrii on Ocimum basilicum, demonstrating the potential of the presented histological method for studying the infection processes of downy mildews in general. K E Y W O R D Saniline blue, confocal laser scanning microscopy, Peronospora belbahrii, Peronospora lamii, Peronospora salviae-officinalis, trypan blueThis is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tracking host infection and reproduction of Peronospora salviae‐officinalis using an improved method for confocal laser scanning microscopy

et al. 2020

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“…Earlier reports of downy mildews on sage species mention the occurrence of P. lamii and P. swinglei on S. pratensis (meadow sage), S. lanceolata (lance-leaf sage) or S. sclarea (clary sage) but not on S. officinalis (Rabenhorst 1857;Ellis and Kellerman 1887;Gäumann 1923;Kochman 1970;USDA 1960;Osipjan 1967;Stanjavičenie 1984). In the meantime, downy mildew on common sage has been reported from Israel, Austria, Italy, New Zeeland, Australia, UK and Germany (Gamliel and Yarden 1998;Plenk 2002;Hill et al 2004;Belbahri et al 2005;Liberato et al 2006;Humphreys-Jones et al 2008;Choi et al 2009).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is also still unclear how the disease was able to spread throughout the world so quickly. It was hypothesized that downy mildew on S. officinalis might has been distributed by contaminated seed lots (Choi et al 2009), but proof for this hypothesis is still lacking and oospores, which could play an important role in the spread of the disease, have been reported only on sage leaves (Plenk 2002;Liberato et al 2006;Humphreys-Jones et al 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiology of sage downy mildew, Peronospora salviae-officinalis

et al. 2020

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Downy mildew of common sage (Salvia officinalis), caused by Peronospora salviae-officinalis, has become a serious problem in sage production worldwide. The effect of temperature was determined for conidia germination and disease development. In vitro, conidial germination rate was highest at temperatures between 10°C and 20°C and was strongly reduced at temperatures above 25, but conidia were also able to germinate at 2°C. Temperatures between 15 and 20°C were most favourable for infection and disease progress in infection experiments in climate chambers, with highest sporulating leaf area observed at 15 and 20°C, and highest symptomatic leaf area at 20°C. P. salviaeofficinalis is still able to infect sage plants at 5°C, but sporulation was only observed at higher temperatures. Oospores developed 14 days after inoculation at 15°C, and 8 days after inoculation at 20 and 25°C. The infection trials also showed that dark incubation is not a prerequisite for successful infection of sage. Furthermore, P. salviae-officinalis needs two events of leaf wetness or high humidity to complete its asexual life cycle. First, a leaf wetness event of at least three hours is needed for conidial germination and penetration of the host. Second, high humidity of at least 90% is needed at the end of the infection cycle for sporulation. Seed washing revealed the presence of P. salviae-officinalis oospores in seed lots of sage suggesting that infested seeds might play a major role in the fast spread of sage downy mildew, which is an important finding for phytosanitary or quarantine measures.

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“…Our investigations have revealed that P. musarum which causes freckle disease induces several defences in the peel which restrict development of anthracnose disease by C. musae. The freckle of leaf and fruit of bananas and plantains has been recorded in the Asia, Pacific, Americas, and more recently in Australasia-Oceania and South and South East Asia ( Liberato et al, 2006 ). The disease is characterized by minute, isolated pin-head sized spots in the superficial cell layers of the banana fruit peel.…”

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confidence: 99%

Phyllosticta musarum Infection-Induced Defences Suppress Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum musae in Banana Fruits cv 'Embul'

Abayasekara

Adikaram

Wanigasekara

et al. 2013

The Plant Pathology Journal

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Anthracnose development by Colletotrichum musae was observed to be significantly less in the fruits of the banana cultivar ‘Embul’ (Mysore, AAB) infected with Phyllosticta musarum than in fruits without such infections. Anthracnose disease originates from quiescent C. musae infections in the immature fruit. P. musarum incites minute, scattered spots, referred to as freckles, in the superficial tissues of immature banana peel which do not expand during maturation or ripening. P. musarum does not appear to have a direct suppressive effect on C. musae as conidia of C. musae germinate on both freckled and non-freckled fruit forming quiescent infections. Our investigations have shown that P. musarum infection induced several defence responses in fruit including the accumulation of five phytoalexins, upregulation of chitinase and β-1,3-glucanase, phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity and cell wall lignification. 1H and 13C NMR spectral data of one purified phytoalexin compared closely with 4′-hydroxyanigorufone. Some of the P. musarum-induced defences that retained during ripening, restrict C. musae development at the ripe stage. This paper examines the potential of P. musarum-induced defences, in the control of anthracnose, the most destructive postharvest disease in banana.

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Peronospora lamiion Lamiaceae in Australia

Abstract: Abstract.A detailed description and illustration of the Australian specimens of Peronospora lamii on Salvia spp. and on Lamium amplexicaule (Lamiaceae) are given.

Cited by 8 publications

References 4 publications

Tracking host infection and reproduction of Peronospora salviae‐officinalis using an improved method for confocal laser scanning microscopy

Tracking host infection and reproduction of Peronospora salviae‐officinalis using an improved method for confocal laser scanning microscopy

Epidemiology of sage downy mildew, Peronospora salviae-officinalis

Phyllosticta musarum Infection-Induced Defences Suppress Anthracnose Disease Caused by Colletotrichum musae in Banana Fruits cv 'Embul'

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