<i>Perkinsus qugwadi</i> sp.nov. (incertae sedis), a pathogenic protozoan parasite of Japanese scallops, <i>Patinopecten yessoensis</i>, cultured in British Columbia, Canada

Blackbourn, Janice; Bower, Susan M.; Meyer, Gary R.

doi:10.1139/z98-015

Cited by 87 publications

(71 citation statements)

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“…The softshell clam Perkinsus species appears to be unique in its ability to undergo both schizogeny and active zoosporulation in culture media (McLaughlin & Faisal, 1998a). Zoospores of P. marinus, P. atlanticus, and P. quqwadi possess similar morpho logical features (Perkins 1976;Azevedo, 1989;Azevedo et al, 1990;Blackbourn et al, 1998). Detailed mor phology of P. olseni zoospores has not been reported; however, zoosporulation studies produced biflagellated zoospores (Lester & Davis, 1981).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This proposal is supported by mole cular evidence (Kotob et al, 1999a, b). Further, the abi lity of P. quqwadi to develop at temperatures below 20° C Blackbourn et al, 1998) et al, 1987;McLaughlin & Faisal, 1998b).…”

Section: Flagella Of P Chesapeakimentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The cortical alveoli is located anteriorly in P. chesa peaki sp. nov., P. marinus, and P. atlanticus while the entire surface of P. quqwadi is surrounded by alveoli (Perkins, 1976;Azevedo, 1989;Blackbourn et al, 1998).…”

Section: Flagella Of P Chesapeakimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zoosporulation of a newPerkinsusspecies isolated from the gills of the softshell clamMya arenaria

et al. 2000

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A gill-associated Perkinsus sp. isolated from the softshell clam [Mya arenaria) is described as a new species, P. chesapeaki sp. nov. Examination of the parasite in seawater cultures revealed life cycle stages and zoosporulation processes similar to those described for other species of the genus Perkinsus. Prezoosporangia developed thickened cell walls upon contraction of the cytoplasm and development of a distinctive clear area between the cell wall and the protoplast. Successive bipartition of the protoplast led to the formation of hundred's of zoospores within mature sporangia. Zoospores were released into seawater through one or more discharge tubes. Ultrastructural studies revealed an oblong zoospore possessing two flagella that arose from a concave side located in the upper third of the zoospore body. The anterior flagellum possessed a unilateral array of hair-like structures. A large anterior vacuole and basolateral nucleus dominated the cytoplasm of the zoospore body. The presence of a rudimentary apical complex including on open-sided conoid, rhoptries, micronemes, and subpellicular microtubules were also discerned. Differences in zoospore morphology, and sequence analyses of two genes previously reported, support the designation of the gillassociated Perkinsus from the softshell clam as a new species. KEYWORDS :

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Flagella Of P Chesapeakimentioning

confidence: 99%

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Zoosporulation of a newPerkinsusspecies isolated from the gills of the softshell clamMya arenaria

et al. 2000

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“…belongs to a group of parasitic protozoa which infect mollusks worldwide, particularly bivalves. Since the first report of Perkinsus marinus infecting the American oyster Crassostrea virginica (Gmelin, 1791) in the Gulf of Mexico (Mackin et al, 1950), other species of the genus Perkinsus have been reported infecting several species of marine mollusks around the world (Lester and Davis, 1981;Azevedo, 1989;Blackbourn et al, 1998;Villalba et al, 2004;Choi and Park, 2010). In Brazil, Sabry et al (2009) recorded the first occurrence of Perkinsus sp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perkinsus sp. infecting the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae from estuaries of the septentrional Northeast, Brazil

Dantas-Neto

Sabry²,

Ferreira

et al. 2015

Braz. J. Biol.

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The mangrove oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae is an estuarine resource exploited by riverside communities in Northeast Brazil. Despite its socioeconomic importance, studies on the health status of this bivalve are scanty in this region. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the presence of the protozoan Perkinsus sp. in C. rhizophorae collected in August and September 2011 in three estuaries of the septentrional Northeast, Brazil: Jaguaribe (Ceará), Camurupim (Piauí) and Carnaubeiras (Maranhão) (n= 150 specimens/site). The samples were submitted to Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM), PCR and histology assays. The RFTM assay revealed spherical, blue or bluish-black hypnospores of the genus Perkinsus in 50 specimens (Jaguaribe= 17.3%, Camurupim= 5.3%, Carnaubeiras= 10.6%). The intensity of the infection ranged from very light (1-10 cells per slide) to severe (more than 40 cells in each of 10 fields of the slide) for Jaguaribe; very light for Camurupim and very light to moderate (at least 40 cells observed in each of 10 fields of the slide) for Carnaubeiras. When submitted to confirmatory PCR analysis, 6 cases were confirmed (Jaguaribe=3, Camurupim=1, Carnaubeiras=2). The histology confirmed 21 cases of infection in specimens from the three estuaries. Although local collectors have reported no mortality in oyster populations that might be attributed to infection by Perkinsus, health surveillance of oyster populations in the septentrional region of Northeast Brazil is advisable.Keywords: Perkinsus, Crassostrea rhizophorae, RFTM, PCR. Perkinsus sp. infectando a ostra Crassostrea rhizophorae de estuários do Nordeste setentrional, Brasil ResumoA ostra-do-mangue Crassostrea rhizophorae é um recurso estuarino explorado por comunidades ribeirinhas do Nordeste do Brasil. Apesar de sua importância socioeconômica, estudos sobre o estado de saúde deste bivalve são escassos na região. O objetivo deste estudo foi investigar a presença do protozoário Perkinsus sp. em C. rhizophorae coletada em agosto e setembro de 2011, em três estuários da região setentrional do Nordeste brasileiro: Jaguaribe (Ceará), Camurupim (Piauí) e Carnaubeiras (Maranhão) (n = 150 espécimes/local). As amostras foram submetidas ao meio líquido de tioglicolato de Ray (RFTM), PCR e ensaios histológicos. A análise em RFTM revelou hipnósporos esféricos azuis ou preto-azulados do gênero Perkinsus em 50 espécimes (Jaguaribe= 17,3%, Camurupim= 5,3%, Carnaubeiras= 10,6%). A intensidade de infecção variou de muito leve (1-10 células por lâmina) a severa (mais de 40 células em cada um dos 10 campos da lâmina) para o Rio Jaguaribe; muito leve para o Rio Camurupim e muito leve a moderada (pelo menos 40 células observadas, em cada um dos 10 campos da lâmina) para o Rio Carnaubeiras. Quando submetidos à análise confirmatória por PCR, foram confirmados 6 casos (Jaguaribe= 3, Camurupim= 1, Carnaubeiras= 2). A histologia confirmou 21 casos de infecção em espécimes dos três estuários. Embora os coletores locais não tenham relatado nenhuma mortalida...

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“…P. marinus was the first species of the genus to be described and was reported as the causative agent of mortalities of Crassostrea virginica in the Gulf of Mexico (Mackin et al 1950). Since the synonymy between P. olseni and P. atlanticus (Goggin 1994, Robledo et al 1999a, Murrell et al 2002, Cremonte et al 2005) and between P. chesapeaki and P. andrewsi (Dungan et al 2002, Burreson et al 2005 has been described, the remaining species of the genus are P. qugwadi in Patinopecten yessoensis (Blackbourn et al 1998), Perkinsus mediterraneus in Ostrea edulis (Casas et al 2004), and P. honshuensis in Ruditapes philippinarum (Dungan et al 2006); recently, P. behaensis has been described in oysters from China (Moss et al 2008). However, Perkinsus spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of diagnostic techniques to detect the clam pathogen Perkinsus olseni

Balseiro¹,

Montes²,

Conchas³

et al. 2010

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Perkinsosis in clams in Galicia (NW Spain) is caused by the protozoan parasite Perkinsus olseni Lester & Davis, 1981. We used 5 clam species of commercial interest cultured in Galicia (Ruditapes decussatus, R. philippinarum, Venerupis pullastra, V. rhomboides, and Donax trunculus) to compare various P. olseni diagnostic techniques. Results of a nested PCR assay for the diagnosis of P. olseni were compared to those obtained using 2 classical methods of diagnosis proposed by the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE), viz. histology and incubation in Ray's fluid thioglycollate medium (RFTM). Moreover, the same samples were analyzed by 2 separate research groups. The results obtained by PCR showed high sensitivity and good correlation between research groups. In addition, this method is faster than histopathology and incubation on RFTM and less expensive than histopathology. Moreover, nested PCR requires less specialized training for technicians than histology. Histopathology also showed high specificity and a good correlation between research groups. Results from incubation on RFTM suggest that this method could give divergent results between research groups, particularly in the case of low levels of infection, but it is nevertheless useful for disease-monitoring purposes. PCR is appropriate for rapidly screening large numbers of clams.

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Perkinsus qugwadi sp.nov. (incertae sedis), a pathogenic protozoan parasite of Japanese scallops, Patinopecten yessoensis, cultured in British Columbia, Canada

Cited by 87 publications

References 0 publications

Zoosporulation of a newPerkinsusspecies isolated from the gills of the softshell clamMya arenaria

Zoosporulation of a newPerkinsusspecies isolated from the gills of the softshell clamMya arenaria

Perkinsus sp. infecting the oyster Crassostrea rhizophorae from estuaries of the septentrional Northeast, Brazil

Comparison of diagnostic techniques to detect the clam pathogen Perkinsus olseni

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