<i>Peptostreptococcus micros</i> in human periodontitis

Rams, Thomas E.; Feik, Diane; Listgarten, Max A.; Slots, Jørgen

doi:10.1111/j.1399-302x.1992.tb00011.x

Cited by 123 publications

(103 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Peptostreptococcus micros has been associated with periodontal disease (Rams et al, 1992). Consequently, like the proportions of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Prevotella intermedia, monitoring of the proportion of T-RFs larger than 1000 bp in the T-RFLP pattern may be useful for the prognosis of periodontal disease.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in oral microbial profiles after periodontal treatment as determined by molecular analysis of 16S rRNA genes

Sakamoto

Huang

Ohnishi

et al. 2004

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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Terminal RFLP (T-RFLP) analysis was used to investigate changes in the oral microbiota in saliva and subgingival plaque samples from one patient with aggressive periodontitis (subject A) and two patients with chronic periodontitis (subjects B and C) before and 3 months after periodontal treatment. Substantial changes in the T-RFLP patterns of subgingival plaque samples of subjects B and C were noted after 3 months of improved oral hygiene and full-mouth supra-and subgingival scaling and root planing. However, there was little change in the subgingival microbiota of subject A. Although the proportions of terminal restriction fragments (T-RFs) larger than 1000 bp were notable in the T-RFLP patterns generated after digestion with HhaI of the samples from two subjects before treatment (subject B, 35 . 5 %; subject C, 29 . 6 %), the proportions of these T-RFs were significantly reduced or not detected after treatment (subject B, none; subject C, 4 . 1 %). Real-time PCR showed a significant change in the proportions of target bacteria in subgingival plaque samples of subject B. After 3 months, the Porphyromonas gingivalis population was markedly reduced (3 . 1 3 10 À3 %), whereas the proportion of Porphyromonas gingivalis before treatment was 7 . 6 %. The proportions of Tannerella forsythensis, Treponema denticola and Treponema socranskii were also markedly diminished after treatment. Similarly, the proportion of the T-RF presumed to represent Porphyromonas gingivalis was 5 . 9 % and became undetectable after 3 months. Analysis of 16S rRNA gene clone libraries from subgingival plaque samples of subject B before and after treatment showed a notable change in the subgingival microbiota. These results were in agreement with the T-RFLP analysis data and showed that the T-RFs larger than 1000 bp represent Peptostreptococcus species. Our results indicate that T-RFLP analysis is useful for evaluation of the effects of medical treatment of periodontitis.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes in oral microbial profiles after periodontal treatment as determined by molecular analysis of 16S rRNA genes

Sakamoto

Huang

Ohnishi

et al. 2004

Journal of Medical Microbiology

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“…The plaque samples could be sent to reference laboratories for cultural, immunological, or DNA probe analysis (Listgarten, 1992;Rams et al, 1992; Zambon, 1997 (Tally et al, 1978), and resistance to metronidazole in a clinical setting is extremely rare (Walker et al 1985;Garcia-Rodriguez et al, 1995). against anaerobes.…”

Section: (D) Diagnosis Of An Anaerobic Infectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antimicrobial Treatment of Periodontal Disease: Changing the Treatment Paradigm

Loesche

1999

Critical Reviews in Oral Biology & Medicine

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Over the last 100 years, methods of surgical periodontal treatment have enjoyed a history of success in improving oral health. The paradigm of care is based on the "non-specific plaque hypothesis"-that is, the overgrowth of bacterial plaques cause periodontal disease, and the suppression of this overgrowth reduces disease risk. The central feature of this approach to care is the removal of inflamed gingival tissue around the teeth to reduce periodontal pocket depth, thereby facilitating plaque removal by the dentist and by the patient at home. Over the last 30 years, with the recognition that periodontal disease(s) is caused by specific bacteria and that specific antimicrobial agents can reduce or eliminate the infection, a second paradigm has developed. This new paradigm, the "specific plaque hypothesis", focuses on reducing the specific bacteria that cause periodontal attachment loss. The contrast between the two paradigms can be succinctly stated as follows: The antimicrobial therapy reduces the cause, while the surgical therapy reduces the result of the periodontal infection. The specific plaque hypothesis has two important implications. First, with the increasing attention to evidence-based models for prevention, treatment, outcome assessment, and reimbursement of care, increasing attention and financial effort will be channeled into effective preventive and treatment methods. Second, the recent observations that periodontal infections increase the risk of specific systemic health problems, such as cardiovascular disease, argue for the prevention and elimination of these periodontal infections. This review highlights some of the evidence for the specific plaque hypothesis, and the questions that should be addressed if antimicrobial agents are to be used responsively and effectively.

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“…Furthermore, the presence of the microorganism has been related to active sites of periodontitis (4, 30), to endodontic lesions, and to human immunodeficiency virus-related periodontitis (3, 25,26,36). For these reasons P. micros has been implicated as a periodontal pathogen (27).…”

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confidence: 99%

Description of Two Morphotypes of Peptostreptococcus micros

Dalen

Steenbergen²,

Busscher

et al. 1993

International Journal of Systematic Bacteriology

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Peptostreptococcus micros is often isolated from abscesses in several parts of the human body. The oral cavity is considered the natural habitat for the species, which has been implicated as a periodontal pathogen. In plaque samples from periodontitis patients we observed the presence of a rough morphotype of P. micros in addition to the previously recognized smooth morphotype. The rough morphotype has not been described previously. Both morphotypes are frequently isolated simultaneously from the same patient. In this paper strains of both morphotypes are described. The smooth morphotype, represented by the type strain, grew as small, dome-shaped, bright white, nonhemolytic colonies. The rough morphotype grew as equally white dry colonies which were hemolytic and had wrinkled edges. DNA-DNA reassociation studies revealed homology at the species level between the two morphotypes; in addition, no differences in physiological characteristics were observed when the organisms were tested with API-32A and API-ZYM kits. The rough cells had long, thin fibrillar structures outside the cell envelope when they were stained negatively for electron microscopy. In the smooth morphotype these structures were not present. The sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis profiles of whole-cell extracts were different for the two morphotypes. In xylene-water phase partition studies, the smooth morphotype was found to be hydrophobic, whereas the rough morphotype was found to be relatively hydrophilic. The distinct morphotypes were stable on blood agar; however, the rough morphotype changed to a nonfibrillar type with a smooth colony morphology after repeated subculturing in broth.Gram-positive anaerobic cocci are commonly found on mucous membranes of the oral cavity, the intestines, and the vagina. These bacteria are isolated from a variety of human abscesses as well. Frequently, the strains isolated belong to the genus Peptostreptococcus. The presence of Peptostreptococcus micros is not restricted to a particular part of the human body. Polymicrobial pulmonary and cerebral abscesses (9, 12, 24), as well as female genital tract infections (7), can contain high percentages of P. micros. It is thought that the natural habitat of this species is the oral cavity (14). Plaque of healthy individuals contains low percentages of this bacterium. It is isolated more often and in increased percentages from patients with periodontitis (18). A correlation in patients has been reported between poor response to periodontal therapy and the percentage of P. micros present in the total cultivable anaerobic flora (17). Furthermore, the presence of the microorganism has been related to active sites of periodontitis (4, 30), to endodontic lesions, and to human immunodeficiency virus-related periodontitis (3, 25, 26, 36). For these reasons P. micros has been implicated as a periodontal pathogen (27).P. micros usually forms smooth colonies. In samples obtained from periodontitis patients, we frequently isolated a rough morphotype of P. micr...

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Peptostreptococcus micros in human periodontitis

Cited by 123 publications

References 46 publications

Changes in oral microbial profiles after periodontal treatment as determined by molecular analysis of 16S rRNA genes

Changes in oral microbial profiles after periodontal treatment as determined by molecular analysis of 16S rRNA genes

The Antimicrobial Treatment of Periodontal Disease: Changing the Treatment Paradigm

Description of Two Morphotypes of Peptostreptococcus micros

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